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204: The Musculoskeletal System > Nerve and blood supply to the upper limb > Flashcards

Nerve and blood supply to the upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

Stem artery

A

Subclavian artery supplies the upper limb

Right from brachiocephalic trunk

Left from arch of the aorta

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2
Q

Subclavian artery

A

Passes through scalene triangle over first rib

Divided into 3 parts by scalenus anterior

  • 1st medical to muscle
  • 2nd behind muscle
  • 3rd lateral to muscle
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3
Q

Branches of subclavian artery

A

Dorsal scapular artery (from 2nd or 3rd part)
- contributes to scapular anastomosis

Thyrocervical trunk (to thyroid, cervical, scapular)
- contribute to scapular anastomosis
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4
Q

End of subclavian artery

A

Ends as it crosses outer border of first rib

Becomes axillary artery

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5
Q

Axillary artery

A

Divided into 3 parts by pectoralis minor

  • 1st medial to muscle
  • 2nd behind muscle
  • 3rd lateral to muscle

First and second parts closely associated with the brachial plexus

Ends at lower border of teres major

Becomes brachial artery

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6
Q

Axillary artery branches

A

Subscapular
- to scapular anastomosis

Ant/ pos circumflex humeral
- to neck/ shaft of humerus

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7
Q

Brachial artery

A

Superficial throughout arm

Supplies flexors

Large branch- profunda brachii artery

Contributes to anastomosis around elbow

Divides in cubital fossa

  • radial artery
  • ulnar artery
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8
Q

Profunda brachii artery

A

Accompanies radial nerve in spiral groove

Fracture to humerus can cause trauma to this artery

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9
Q

Radial artery

A

Lateral side of forearm

Smaller of the two terminal branches

Covered by brachioradialis muscle

Forms deep palmer arch

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10
Q

Radial artery in the hand

A

At wrist winds around to dorsum of hand

Through anatomical snuff box

Pierces first dorsal interosseous muscle

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11
Q

Ulnar artery

A

Medial side of forearm

Covered by flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

Deep branch
- common interosseous artery

Forms superficial palmar arch

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12
Q

Ulnar artery in the hand

A

Branch to deep palmar arch

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13
Q

Venous return

A

Considerably variable

Drains into axillary vein into subclavian vein

Deep veins and superficial veins

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14
Q

Deep veins

A

Paired veins

Venae comitantes

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15
Q

Superficial veins

A

Cephalic (lateral forearm)

Basilic (medial forearm)

Drain into axillary vein

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16
Q

Lymphatic drainage

A

Relatively few lymph nodes in upper limb (deltopectoral node and cubital nodes)

Lymph drains to axillary nodes

17
Q

Brachial plexus

A

Nerve supply to the upper limb

Carries motor, sensory and sympathetic axons

Produces mixed nerves

Divided into roots, trunks, divisions and cords

18
Q

Roots

A

Ventral primary rami of C5-T1

19
Q

Motor innervation

A

Motor axons within each root innervate a different funcitonal group of muscles

20
Q

Motor innervation of shoulder abduction and adduction

A

C5

21
Q

Motor innervation of elbow flexion and extension

A

C6/C7

22
Q

Motor innervation of Wrist flexion and extension

A

C7/C8

23
Q

Motor innervation of movement of the digits

A

C8/T1

24
Q

Trunks

A

Roots trunks

Trunks pass through scalene triangle

25
Q

Divisions

A

Each trunk divides into anterior and posterior divisions

Anterior: axons to flexor compartments
- forms lateral and medial cords

Posterior: axons to extensor compartments
- forms posterior cord

26
Q

Cords

A

Under pectoralis minor

Cords name din relation to axillary artery

27
Q

Lateral cord

A

Terminates as:

  • musculocutaneous nerve
  • lateral part of median nerve
28
Q

Musculocutnaeous nerve

A

Motor- anterior arm

Sensory- lateral formarm

29
Q

Medial cord

A

Terminates as:

  • medial part of median nerve
  • ulnar nerve
30
Q

Median nerve

A

Motor- anterior forearm and lateral hand

Sensory- lateral palm hand, d1,2,3 + half d4

31
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

Motor- medial side anterior forearm and hand

Sensory- medial hand _ half d4 and d5

32
Q

Posterior cord

A

Terminates as:

  • radial nerve
  • axillary nerve
33
Q

Radial nerve

A

Motor- posterior arm and posterior forearm

Sensory- posterior arm and posterior forearm and lateral dorsum hand

34
Q

Axillary nerve

A

Motor- deltoid and teres minor

Sensory- badge area of arm

35
Q

Upper limb dermatones

A

Individual area of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve

Established during development

Lots of overlap/ variation

36
Q

Cutaneous innervation by terminal branches

A

Map looks different to dermatome map

Terminal branches contain axons from multiple spinal nerve

204: The Musculoskeletal System (23 decks)

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