Introduction to surgery of the hand Flashcards by Holly O'Flanagan | Brainscape

Q

Palmar fascia

A

Tough layer anchoring skin to skeleton

Extension of forearm fascia

Tightened by palmaris longus

Dupuytren’s disease

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Q

Dupuytren’s disease

A

Thickening of fascia

Contracture

Genetic

Smoking

Alcohol

Diabetes/ epilepsy

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Q

Flexor tendons

A

Superficial/ deep

Single/ mass action and nerve supply

Flexor sheath

Lumbrical muscles (unique)

Traumatic rupture

Trigger fingers

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Q

Trigger fingers

A

Catching of tendons at A1 pulley

Degenerate nodule

Thickening of sheath

Overuse

Degeneration

Change of direction of tendon

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Q

Nerve problems

A

Median and ulnar nerves

Digital nerves to each finger/ thumb

Dermatomes

Injury

Compression neuropathies

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Q

Carpal tunnel

A

Median nerve compression at wrist

Osseous/ ligamentous tunnel

Tendons

Nerves

Nerve function. 3 of thenar muscles and sensory symptoms in the radial half of the hand

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Q

Thenar muscles

A

Abductor brevis

Opponens

Flexor brevis

Adductor (ulnar)

Fine control

Species advantage

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Q

Carpal tunnel signs

A

Thenar wasting

Loss of abduction

Loss of opposition

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Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome

A

Ulnar nerve compression at elbow

Fascial compression at 3 sites

Nerve only

Nerve function

Forearm and hand muscles, sensory symptoms in ulnar half of hand

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Q

Muscles

A

Flexor digiti quinti

Abductor

Opponens

Interossei

FCU, FDP (m/r/l)

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Q

Interosseous muscles

A

Palmar/ dorsal

Insertion to proximal phalanx

Adduction/ abduction

Insertion to extensor hood

Interphalangeal extension

Ulnar nerve

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Q

Ulnar nerve signs

A

Wasted hypothenar web spaces

Paradoxical wasting thenar

Forearm wasting

Clawing of digits

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Q

Extensor tendons

A

Extend MCP jionts of fingers

Thumb tendons

Wrist tendons

Retinaculum

12 in all

Some multistranded (APL, EDC, EDQ)

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Q

de Quervain’s disease

A

Triggering and pain of thumb extensors

Degeneration

Overuse

Caused by

ciprofloxacin
anastrazole

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Q

Ruptures

A

Lacerations

Fracture

Synovitis

Arthritis

No triggering

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Q

Digital extensor hood

A

Long extensors

Interossei

Lumbrical

Finely balanced

Complex multibundle flat tendon

Q

Osteology

A

3 phalanges in fingers

2 phalanges in thumb

5 metacarpals

2 sesamoids in thumb

8 carpal bones

Q

Bone problems

A

Radial fracture

Scaphoid fracture

1st CMC osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Q

Symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Pins and needles

Wake up shaking arm

Q

Dorsal interosseous muscles

A

Separate the fingers

Q

Palmar interosseous muscles

A

Move the fingers together