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.. DD ANATOMIC SCIENCES .. > Nerve > Flashcards

Nerve Flashcards

1
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach the otic ganglia through what nerves?

A

Lesser petrosal nerve

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2
Q

Is a small parasympathetic ganglion that is functionally associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve.

A

Otic ganglion

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3
Q

Cranial nerves that contain preganglionic parasympathetic fibers:

A

Oculomotor ( ciliary ganglion )
Facial ( pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia )
Vagus ( small terminal ganglia)

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4
Q

Receive preganglionic fibers from the parasympathetic division

A

Terminal ganglia

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5
Q

What nerve provides major sensory innervation to the TMJ?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

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6
Q

Arterial blood supply of the TMJ?

A

Superficial temporal and maxillary branches of the external carotid artery

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7
Q

The sympathetic response for the head and neck is mediated by cell bodies located in the:

A

Superior cervical ganglion

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8
Q

3 sympathetic ganglia

A

Cervical ganglia
Thoracic chain ganglia
Lumbar and sacral ganglia

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9
Q

Send postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the digestive tract below the upper colon, including the rectum, and to the smooth muscle and glands of the bladder, external genitalia.

A

Lumbar and sacral ganglia

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10
Q

Is the combination of dropping of the eyelid (ptosis) and constriction of the pupil (miosis) sometimes accompanied by decreased sweating of the face on the same side; redness of the conjunctiva of the eyes is often also present.

A

Horner’s syndrome

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11
Q

The cell bodies of visceral afferent fibers are located in:

A

Dorsal root ganglia

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12
Q

What trigeminal nucleus is involved with the proprioception of the face?

A

Mesencepahalic nucleus

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13
Q

It receives information about discriminative sensation and light touch of the face as well as conscious proprioception of the jaw

A

Main sensory nucleus

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14
Q

Mediates pain and temperature from the head and neck.

Particular pain fibers synapse in ______

A

Spinal nucleus

Subnucleus caudalis

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15
Q

The only cranial nerve that emerges from the dorsal aspect of the brain stem:

A

Trochlear nerve ( CN IV)

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16
Q

The splanchnic nerves ( greater, lesser, and least) arise from the:

A

Thoracic sympathetic ganglion (chain)

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17
Q

If this muscle is paralyzed, the tongue has a tendency to fall back and obstruct the oropharyngeal airway with risk of suffocation.

A

Genioglossus muscle

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18
Q

The cervical plexus consists of anterior ramifications from C1-C4; some of these fibers reach the hyoid muscles by running concurrently with which cranial nerve?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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19
Q

Provides cutaneous innervation to the skin of the neck, shoulder and upper anterior chest wall as well as motor innervation to the infrahyoid (strap) muscles and geniohyoid muscle.

A

Cervical plexus (C1-C3)

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20
Q

Major branches of cervical plexus:

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
Phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
Great auricular nerve (C2 and C3)

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21
Q

Provides sensory innervation for the skin over parotid gland and mastoid process

A

Great auricular nerve (C2 and C3)

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22
Q

Four nerve plexuses

A

Cervical (C1-C4)
Brachial (C5-C8 and T1)
Lumbar ( L1-L4)
Sacral ( L4-L5 and S1-S4)

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23
Q

The branch of trigeminal nerve that innervates the midface, palate and paranasal sinuses exits the cranial cavity through which structure?

A

Foramen rotundum

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24
Q

It’s most frequently affected by tic doulourex

A

Maxillary division (V2)

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25
Q

What trigeminal nerve branch is often affected with herpes zoster virus, whereas involvement of the lower two divisions?

A

Ophthlamic nerve (V1)

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26
Q

Branches of ophthalmic nerve

A

Lacrimal
Frontal
Nasociliary
Supraorbital
Supratrochlear
Infratrochlear
External nasal nerves

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27
Q

The mylohyoid nerve is derived from the inferior alveolar nerve just before it enters the mandibular foramen. The mylohyoid nerve descends in a groove on the deep surface of the ramus of the mandible, to supply the mylohyoid and what other muscle?

A

Anterior digastric

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28
Q

Function of mylohyoid:

A

Elevates hyoid bone, base of the tongue and floor of the mouth.

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29
Q

Swelling at te angle of the mandible and the lateral neck is often result of

A

deflection of exudates by the mylohyoid muscle

30
Q

This nerve arises from the inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of mandibular division (V3)

A

Mylohyoid nerve

31
Q

What nerve innervates the medial rectus muscle of the eyeball?

A

Oculomotor

32
Q

This nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye; responsible for lateral gaze.

Lesions of this nerve result in:

A

Abducens nerve ( CN VI)

Medial strabismus (cross-eyed) and diplopia (double vision)

33
Q

“Blink reflex” is an involuntary blinking of the eyelids elicited by stimulation of the cornea, or bright light.

A

Corneal reflex

34
Q

The principal types of nerves found in the dental pulp are:

A

Sympathetic and afferent fibers

35
Q

The only type of nerve endings found in the pulp and are specific receptors for pain.

A

Free nerve endings (afferent fibers)

36
Q

What cranial nerve has visceral sensory innervation?

A

Vagus nerve

37
Q

A component of the optic disc and papilla

A

Central artery

38
Q

What ganglia receives fibers from the motor sensory and parasympathetic components of the facial nerve and send fibers that will innervates the lacrimal, submandibular , and sublingual glands?

A

Geniculate ganglion

39
Q

Left optic tract contains:

A

Fibers from temporal half of the left eye and nasal half of the right eye

40
Q

What nerve penetrates the thyrohyoid membrane?

A

Internal laryngeal nerve

41
Q

Located in the ventrolateral medulla in its upper half. It is a column of motor neurons that sends its axons to the cranial nerves IX , X, and XI through its caudal portion.

A

Nucleus ambiguus

42
Q

What cranial nerve supplies the derivatives of the hyoid arch?

A

Facial

43
Q

A lesion of the facial nerve just after it exits from the stylomastoid foramen would result in:

A

An ipsilateral paralysis of facial muscles

44
Q

The spinal part of accessory nerve enters the skull through _______, and then joins the cranial root. Together they leave the skull through the __________.

A

Foramen magnum, jugular foramen

45
Q

The spinal part of the accessory nerve supplies the:

A

Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle

46
Q

General sensation of anterior 2/3 of the tongue, lingual gingiva of lower arch

A

Lingual nerve
Origin - mandibular nerve (V3)

47
Q

Supplies upper lip

A

Infraorbital
O - maxillary nerve (V2)

48
Q

Taste sensation of anterior 2/3 of the tongue ( except the vallate papillae )

A

Chorda tympani
O - facial nerve (CN VII)

49
Q

Palatal side of the upper anterior teeth (incisal area)

A

Nasopalatine nerve
O- pterygopalatine ganglion

50
Q

General and taste sensation of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue ( including the vallate papillae )

A

Glossopharyngeal

51
Q

Palatal side of the upper teeth (except the incisal area)

A

Greater palatine nerve
O- pterygopalatine ganglion

52
Q

Taste sensation of the base of the tongue and epiglottis

A

Vagus

53
Q

Upper anterior teeth and buccal surfaces in upper anterior teeth

A

Anterior superior alveolar nerve
O- maxillary nerve V2

54
Q

Lower premolar and molar teeth and buccal surfaces in the molar region

A

Inferior alveolar nerve
O- mandibular nerve V3

55
Q

Lower anterior teeth

A

Incisive nerve
O- IAN

56
Q

Anterior aspects of the chin and lower lip as well as the buccal gingivae of the mandibular anterior teeth and premolars

A

Mental nerve
O- IAN

57
Q

Buccal surfaces in the molar region

A

Buccal nerve
O- mandibular nerve (V3)

58
Q

Upper molar teeth (except the mesiobuccal root of the 1M) and buccal surface in the molar region

A

Posterior superior alveolar nerve
O- maxillary nerve (V2)

59
Q

Upper premolar teeth, mesiobuccal root of upper 1M and buccal surfaces in the molar region

A

MSAN
O- maxillary nerve (V2)

60
Q

What nerve is derived from both medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus?

A

Median

61
Q

Is a somatic nerve plexus formed by intercommunications among the ventral rami of the lower 4 cervical nerves (C5-C8) and the first thoracic nerve (T1).

A

Brachial plexus

62
Q

Brachial plexus supplies all of cutaneous innervation of the upper limb with the exception of an area near the..

A

Axilla (armpit) - supplied by intercostobrachial nerve

63
Q

This nerve is derived from the lateral cord; innervates the muscles in the flexor compartment of the arm; it carries sensation from the lateral (radial ) side of the forearm.

A

Musculocutaneous nerve - a terminal branch of brachial plexus

64
Q

Derived from the medial cord; supplies the motor innervation mainly to intrinsic muscles of the hand; carries sensory innervation from the medial (ulnar) 1 1/2 digits (the 5th and 1/2 of the 4 digits)

A

Ulnar nerve

65
Q

Derived from both lateral and medial cords; supplies motor innervation to most of flexor muscles in the forearm and intrinsic muscles of the thumb; it carries sensory innervation from the lateral (radial ) 3 & 1/2 digits

A

Median nerve

66
Q

Derived from posterior cord; supplies the motor innervation to deltoid and teres minor muscles only; carries sensory innervation from the skin just below the point of the shoulder.

A

Axillary nerve

67
Q

Derived from posterior cord; the “great extensor nerve”; innervates the extensor muscles of the elbow, wrist and fingers; it carries sensory innervation from the skin in the sprain of the hand on the radial side.

A

Radial nerve

68
Q

What sensory receptor is most sensitive to linear acceleration?

A

Macula

69
Q

Special sensory (special somatic afferent) that is, special sensations of hearing and equilibrium.

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

70
Q

It is composed of the central processes of bipolar neurons in the spinal ganglion; the peripheral processes of the neurons extend to the spinal organ; concerned with hearing.

A

Cochlear nerve

71
Q

The true organ of hearing, a spiral structure within cochlea containing hair cells that are stimulated by sounds vibrations.

A

Organ of corti

.. DD ANATOMIC SCIENCES .. (15 decks)

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