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.. DD ANATOMIC SCIENCES .. > Cell > Flashcards

Cell Flashcards

1
Q

Kartagener syndrome is a hereditary syndrome; it is characterized by recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections. Dysfunction of which organelle is responsible for this syndrome?

A

Cilium

Kartagener s. - immotile cilia syndrome

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2
Q

Organelle which is only present in spermatozoa

A

Flagella

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3
Q

The inactive X chromosome in a female cell is called the ______ which is an example of ______.

A

Barr body, heterochromatin

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4
Q

Barr body is also found in the cells of males with?

A

Klienfelter syndrome (XXY)

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5
Q

Highly condensed and transcriptionally inactive form of DNA.

A

Heterochromatin

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6
Q

Euchromatin is?

A

Extended and transcriptionally active form of DNA

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7
Q

Function of golgi app.

A

Modification of lipids and proteins
Storage and packaging of materials that will be exported from the cell

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8
Q

In which cellular component are glycoproteins assembled for extracellular use?

A

Golgi app

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9
Q

Located between the nucleus and secretory surface of a cell. They package, store and modify products that are secreted from the cell.

A

Cisternae

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10
Q

Cytoplasmic membrane-bound vesicles that contain a wide variety of glycoprotein hydrolytic enzymes that serve to digest and destroy exogenous material, such as bacteria.

A

Lysosomes

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11
Q

Which of the following is the distinctive array of microtubules in the core of cilia and flagella composed of a central pair surrounded by a sheath of 9 doublet microtubules (9+2 pattern)?

A

Axoneme

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12
Q

Cell organelle that constitute the centrosome and thus aid in formation of the mitotic spindle.

A

Centrioles

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13
Q

Houses axoneme and is important in regulating the motion of the axoneme

A

Radial spoke

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14
Q

A cell’s digestive system

A

Lysosomes

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15
Q

Double-membraned organelles

A

Mitochondria
Nucleus

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16
Q

Nonmembranous organelles

A

Ribosomes
Cytoskeleton
Nucleolus

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17
Q

Site for protein synthesis “protein factories”

A

Ribosomes

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18
Q

Plays an important role in the formation of ribosomes

A

Nucleolus ( also a site for protein synthesis)

19
Q

Mediators of inflammation

A

Mast cells

20
Q

Form myelin sheath around axons of the PNS

A

Schwann cells

21
Q

Produces testicular fluid

A

Sertoli

22
Q

Produces testosterone

A

Leydig cells

23
Q

Forms Dentin

A

Odontoblasts

24
Q

Produces glucagon

A

Alpha cells ( pancreatic)

25
Q

Produces insulin

A

Beta cells (pancreatic)

26
Q

Macrophage of the liver

A

Kupffer cells

27
Q

Macrophage of the nervous system

A

Microglial cells

28
Q

Which cell lines the lumen of the seminiferous tubules and secretes hormones, androgen binding proteins (ABPs) and other proteins that facilitates spermatogenesis?

A

Sertoli cells

29
Q

A dynamic, selectively permeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm

A

Plasma membrane

30
Q

Protects the cell from changes in osmotic pressure

A

Cell wall

31
Q

What type of cell in dental papilla adjacent to the inner enamel epithelium differentiates into odontoblasts?

A

Mesenchymal cell

32
Q

Releases histamine, bradykinin and serotonin

A

Mast cells

33
Q

A chromosome is maximally condensed chromatin wrapped around a protein base of primarily:

A

Histones
- positively charged basic proteins that carries high positively N-terminus

34
Q

Basic amino acids

A

Arginine
Lysine
Histidine

35
Q

Plasma cells are immediate derivations of which cell type?

A

B lymphocyte

36
Q

Produce cell-mediated immunity. Account 70-80% of circulating lymphocytes

A

T cells

37
Q

Produce antibody- mediated immunity. Account for 20-30%

A

B cells
-mature once develop into PLASMA CELLS or become memory B cells.

38
Q

Responsible for the process translation, or taking the information from the DNA, encoding on RNA and using it to create the proteins needed by the cell

A

Ribosomes

39
Q

The cytoplasm of osteoblasts appears to be basophilic via normal H and E stain due to?

A

Presence of large amounts of rough endoplastic reticulum

40
Q

RNA and DNA can be distinguished from one another by the

A

Fuelgen reaction

41
Q

Chromosome condense and become visible, nuclear membrane breaks down, and the mitotic spindle apparatus forms at opposite poles of the cell

A

Prophase

42
Q

Chromosome align at the equatorial plate

A

Metaphase

43
Q

Centromeres divide. Sister chromatids separate and move toward the corresponding poles.

A

Anaphase

44
Q

Non- secretory cells that are known to have contractile properties in sweat glands and mammary glands. Located between secretory cells and their basement membrane.

A

Myoepithelial cells

  • derived from ectoderm

.. DD ANATOMIC SCIENCES .. (15 decks)

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