Cell Flashcards
Kartagener syndrome is a hereditary syndrome; it is characterized by recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections. Dysfunction of which organelle is responsible for this syndrome?
Cilium
Kartagener s. - immotile cilia syndrome
Organelle which is only present in spermatozoa
Flagella
The inactive X chromosome in a female cell is called the ______ which is an example of ______.
Barr body, heterochromatin
Barr body is also found in the cells of males with?
Klienfelter syndrome (XXY)
Highly condensed and transcriptionally inactive form of DNA.
Heterochromatin
Euchromatin is?
Extended and transcriptionally active form of DNA
Function of golgi app.
Modification of lipids and proteins
Storage and packaging of materials that will be exported from the cell
In which cellular component are glycoproteins assembled for extracellular use?
Golgi app
Located between the nucleus and secretory surface of a cell. They package, store and modify products that are secreted from the cell.
Cisternae
Cytoplasmic membrane-bound vesicles that contain a wide variety of glycoprotein hydrolytic enzymes that serve to digest and destroy exogenous material, such as bacteria.
Lysosomes
Which of the following is the distinctive array of microtubules in the core of cilia and flagella composed of a central pair surrounded by a sheath of 9 doublet microtubules (9+2 pattern)?
Axoneme
Cell organelle that constitute the centrosome and thus aid in formation of the mitotic spindle.
Centrioles
Houses axoneme and is important in regulating the motion of the axoneme
Radial spoke
A cell’s digestive system
Lysosomes
Double-membraned organelles
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Nonmembranous organelles
Ribosomes
Cytoskeleton
Nucleolus
Site for protein synthesis “protein factories”
Ribosomes
Plays an important role in the formation of ribosomes
Nucleolus ( also a site for protein synthesis)
Mediators of inflammation
Mast cells
Form myelin sheath around axons of the PNS
Schwann cells
Produces testicular fluid
Sertoli
Produces testosterone
Leydig cells
Forms Dentin
Odontoblasts
Produces glucagon
Alpha cells ( pancreatic)
Produces insulin
Beta cells (pancreatic)
Macrophage of the liver
Kupffer cells
Macrophage of the nervous system
Microglial cells
Which cell lines the lumen of the seminiferous tubules and secretes hormones, androgen binding proteins (ABPs) and other proteins that facilitates spermatogenesis?
Sertoli cells
A dynamic, selectively permeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm
Plasma membrane
Protects the cell from changes in osmotic pressure
Cell wall
What type of cell in dental papilla adjacent to the inner enamel epithelium differentiates into odontoblasts?
Mesenchymal cell
Releases histamine, bradykinin and serotonin
Mast cells
A chromosome is maximally condensed chromatin wrapped around a protein base of primarily:
Histones
- positively charged basic proteins that carries high positively N-terminus
Basic amino acids
Arginine
Lysine
Histidine
Plasma cells are immediate derivations of which cell type?
B lymphocyte
Produce cell-mediated immunity. Account 70-80% of circulating lymphocytes
T cells
Produce antibody- mediated immunity. Account for 20-30%
B cells
-mature once develop into PLASMA CELLS or become memory B cells.
Responsible for the process translation, or taking the information from the DNA, encoding on RNA and using it to create the proteins needed by the cell
Ribosomes
The cytoplasm of osteoblasts appears to be basophilic via normal H and E stain due to?
Presence of large amounts of rough endoplastic reticulum
RNA and DNA can be distinguished from one another by the
Fuelgen reaction
Chromosome condense and become visible, nuclear membrane breaks down, and the mitotic spindle apparatus forms at opposite poles of the cell
Prophase
Chromosome align at the equatorial plate
Metaphase
Centromeres divide. Sister chromatids separate and move toward the corresponding poles.
Anaphase
Non- secretory cells that are known to have contractile properties in sweat glands and mammary glands. Located between secretory cells and their basement membrane.
Myoepithelial cells
- derived from ectoderm
