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Neuro Week 2 > Neoplasms of CNS > Flashcards

Neoplasms of CNS Flashcards

1
Q

what does the suffix blast indicate?

A

embryonic/undifferentiated cells

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2
Q

what do all primary CNS cancers end with?

A

Oma

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3
Q

are adult neoplasms commonly supra or infratentorial?

A

supratentorial

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4
Q

are child neoplasms commonly supra or infratentorial?

A

infratentorial

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5
Q

name two common grade 1 benign neoplasms of CNS

A

neurofibroma and meningioma

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6
Q

what does enhancement signal in CNS neopplasms?

A

disruption of the BBB

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7
Q

what indicates disruption of BBB in MRI?

A

contrast enhancement in T1 MRI

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8
Q

what is the most common childhood malignant CNS neoplasm?

A

medulloblastoma

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9
Q

where is medulloblastoma found?

A

in cerebellum

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10
Q

what is histo finding with medulloblastoma?

A

homer wright rosettes

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11
Q

what are homer wright rosettes?

A

small blue cells found in medulloblastoma

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12
Q

what can medullblastoma cause in ventricular system?

A

blockage of fourth ventricle…so non communicating hydrocephalus

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13
Q

what can medulloblastoma send to spinal cord?

A

drop metastes

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14
Q

what grade is pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

grade I

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15
Q

what is cell issue in pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

low grade astrocytoma so astrocyte is issue

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16
Q

what is most common benign childhood neoplasm?

A

pilocytic astorcytoma

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17
Q

what does pilocytic astrocytoma stain + for?

A

GFAP

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18
Q

where is pilocytic astrocytoma most often found in kids?

A

cerebellum

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19
Q

what are the two components of the pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

cystic portion and solid mass

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20
Q

do pilocytic astrocytoma and medulloblastoma enhance or not enhance contrast on MRI?

A

both enhance it

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21
Q

if there is a pilocytic astrocytoma in the optic nerve, what is it called?

A

optic glioma

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22
Q

what is histo finding in pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

rosenthal fibers

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23
Q

what are rosenthal fibers?

A

eosinophilic corkscrew fibers..in pilocytic astrocytoma

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24
Q

what are ependymomas from?

A

ependymal cells

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25
Q

where is ependymomas found?

A

4th ventricle

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26
Q

is ependymoma a good or bad prognosis?

A

not so great

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27
Q

what is histo finding of ependymoma?

A

perovascular pseudorosette

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28
Q

what is a perivascular pseudorosette?

A

ependymoma histo finding

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29
Q

what can ependymoma do to spinal cord?

A

send drop metasteses

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30
Q

what can ependymoma cause in ventricular system?

A

hydrocephalus

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31
Q

what is the most common type of CNS neoplasm in adult?

A

meningioma

32
Q

what is most common deadly adult neoplasm of CNS?

A

glioblastoma

33
Q

what is a diffuse astrocytoma?

A

cerebral hemisphere astrocyte neoplasm in adults

34
Q

what age does diffuse astrocytoma effect?

A

adults

35
Q

is diffuse astrocytoma enhancing?

A

no

36
Q

where is diffuse astrocytoma found>

A

mainly cerebral hemis

37
Q

what grade is diffuse astrocytoma?

A

II

38
Q

what grade is anaplastic astrocytoma?

A

II

39
Q

what is location of anaplastic astrocytoma?

A

cerebral hemis

40
Q

what grade is glioblastoma?

A

grade IV

41
Q

what cell type do glioblastoma come from?

A

astrocytes

42
Q

where are glioblastomas found?

A

cerebral hemi

43
Q

what can glioblastoma cross?

A

corpus callosum

44
Q

when glioblastoma crosses corpus callosum what is it called?

A

butterfly glioma

45
Q

what will glioblastoma stain + for?

A

GFAP

46
Q

what is a word used to describe glioblastoma?

A

pseudopalasading

47
Q

what does it mean for glioblastoma to be pseudopalasading?

A

central area of necrosis surrounded by outer layer of pleomorphic tumor cells

48
Q

does glioblastoma enhance?

A

yes…it has enhancing ring around the tumor

49
Q

who gets oligodendrogliomas?

A

adults

50
Q

where do you get oligodendrogliomas?

A

cerebral hemis

51
Q

what lobe is most common for oligodendrogliomas?

A

frontal lobe

52
Q

what cell do oligodendrogliomas come from?

A

oligodendrocytes

53
Q

what is histo finding in oligodendrogliomas?

A

fried egg cells

54
Q

what does it mean to be fried egg cell?

A

round nuclei with clear cytoplasm

55
Q

what can happen to oligodendrogliomas that is unique?

A

frequently have calcifications

56
Q

what is grade of oligodendrogliomas?

A

II or III

57
Q

when is oligodendrogliomas a grade III neoplasm?

A

if it enhances

58
Q

are meningiomas malignant or benign?

A

usually benign

59
Q

where is meningiomas?

A

near brain surfaces and in parasaigittal region

60
Q

is meningioma extra or intra axial?

A

extra axial

61
Q

what is cell origin for meningiomas?

A

arachnoid cells

62
Q

what are two histo findings in meningiomas?

A

cellular whorls and calcifications

63
Q

what is usual grade of meningiomas?

A

grade I

64
Q

metasteses to brain are usually one or multiple?

A

multiple usually

65
Q

name two PNS neoplasms

A

schwannoma and neurofibroma

66
Q

what are four finding or neurofibromatosis type 1?

A

cafe au lait
lisch nodules
neurofibromas dermal
neurofibromas in PNS

67
Q

what cell does schwannoma come from

A

schwann cell origin

68
Q

who gets schwannoma?

A

adults

69
Q

where doe schwannomas usually occur?

A

cerebellopontine angle

70
Q

what CNs does schwannoma involve?

A

CN V, VII and VIII

71
Q

where can schwannomas be localized to?

A

CN VIII in internal acoustic meatus

72
Q

if schwannoma localized to CN VIII, what is it called?

A

vestibular schwannoma

73
Q

if you have bilateral vestibular schwannomas what do you prob have?

A

NF type 2

74
Q

how does vestibular schwannoma present?

A

hearing loss and tinnitus

75
Q

what is histo specialty of schwannoma ?

A

hypocellular and hypercellular areas running up next to each other

76
Q

what is inheritance of NF 1 and NF 2?

A

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Neuro Week 2 (14 decks)

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