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Neuro Week 2 > Cranial Nerve/Brainstem Strokes > Flashcards

Cranial Nerve/Brainstem Strokes Flashcards

1
Q

what are the major functions of the cranial nerves supplied by the PCA?

A

pupillary and eye movement

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2
Q

what cranial nerves does the PCA supply?

A

3 and 4

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3
Q

do the corticospinal and corticobulbar run in medial or lateral portions of the brainstem?

A

medial…except in midbrain where they are in cerebral peduncle

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4
Q

does the dorsal column medial lemniscus run in medial or lateral portion of the brainstem?

A

medial in all portions

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5
Q

is the spinothalamic tract in medial or lateral portion of the brainstem?

A

depends on the part of the stem

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6
Q

where is the spinothalamic tract in the pons?

A

just lateral to the DCLM

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7
Q

what vessel covers the spinothalamic tract in the pons?

A

AICA

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8
Q

where is the spinothalamic tract in the medulla?

A

lateral and posterior

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9
Q

what vessel supplies the spinothalamic tract in the medulla?

A

PICA

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10
Q

name the three nuclei of cranial nerves to know in the midbrain?

A

edinger westphal nucleus
occulomotor nucleus
trochlear nucleus

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11
Q

if CN 3 is injured, what happens to the eye? 3 things

A

eyelid droops
eye moves down and out
pupil dilates

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12
Q

if CN 4 is injured what happens to the eye?

A

eye moves up and in

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13
Q

what are the four main nuclei of cranial nerves in the pons

A

cochlear/vestibular
spinal trigeminal
abducens
facial nucleus

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14
Q

the spinal trigeminal nuclei carries info for what four cranial nerves?

A

5,7,9,10

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15
Q

is spinal trigeminal nuclei in medial or lateral portion of pons?

A

lateral

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16
Q

is the facial nucleus in medial or lateral portion of the pons/

A

lateral

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17
Q

is the abducens nuclei in the medial or lateral portion of the pons?

A

medial

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18
Q

is the vestibulocochlear nuclei in lateral or medial portion of the pons?

A

lateral

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19
Q

what three nuclei does the AICA provide in the pons?

A

spinal trigeminal
facila
vestibulocochlear

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20
Q

what nuclei does the pontine provide in the pons?

A

abducens

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21
Q

what cranial nerve is affected in medial pontine vascular syndrome?

A

abducens

22
Q

what happens to eye in medial pontine syndrome?

A

imparied movement of lateral rectus so when looking left with left eye and left injury the eyes stays in center

23
Q

what other tracts aside from CN VI are affected with medial pontine syndrome?

A

corticospinal tract and DCML

24
Q

what are symptoms of medial pontine syndrome?

A

CN VI issue ipsilateral
Contralateral loss of fine touch, vibration
Contralateral weakness of skeletal muscle

25
Q

what three nuclei of CNs will be affected in lateral pontine syndrome?

A

vestibulocochlear
facial
spinal trigeminal

26
Q

what will loss of spinal trigeminal nuclei in lateral pontine syndrome result in?

A

ipsilateral impaired pain/temp sensation in face

27
Q

what will loss of facial nerve in lateral pontine syndrome result in?

A

weakness of ipsilateral face and loss of corneal reflex

28
Q

what will loss of vestibulocochlear nuclei lead to in lateral pontine syndrome?

A

vertigo and ipsilateral deafness

29
Q

what other tracts, aside from CNs will be damaged in lateral pontine syndrome?

A

spinothalamic tract and hypothalamospinal tract

30
Q

what is result of loss of spinothalamic tract in lateral pontine syndrome?

A

contralateral loss of pain/temp in body

31
Q

what is result of loss of hypothalamospinal tract in lateral pontine syndrome?

A

loss of ipsilateral sympathetic innervation to face…horners syndrome

32
Q

what are the four nuclei in the medulla to know?

A

vestibular nuclei
spinal trigeminal still
nucleus ambiguus
hypoglossal nuclei

33
Q

where is the vestibular nuclei located in the medulla?

A

dorsolateral portion

34
Q

where is the spinal trigeminal nuclei located in the medulla?

A

dorsolateral portion

35
Q

where is the nucleus ambiguus located in the medulla?

A

dorsolateral portion

36
Q

where is the hypoglossal nuclei located in the medulla?

A

medial portion

37
Q

the PICA serves what three CN nuclei in the medulla?

A

spinal trigeminal
nucleus ambiguus
vestibular

38
Q

the anterior spinal serves what CN in the medulla?

A

hypoglossal

39
Q

in addition to the CNs that the PICA serves in the medulla, what other tracts does it supply?

A

STT and hypothalamospinal

40
Q

in addition to the CNs that the anterior spinal serves in the medulla, what other tracts does it supply?

A

DCML and CST and corticobulbar

41
Q

what reflex is associated with medulla?

A

GAG

42
Q

in medial medullary syndrome, what CN is affected?

A

hypglossal

43
Q

what is symptom of hypoglossal loss in medial medullary syndrome?

A

tongue deviation to ipsilateral side of lesion

44
Q

aside from hypoglossal change, what are two other changes found in medial medullary syndrome?

A

contralateral impairment of fine touch/vibration sensation and contralateral muscle weakness

45
Q

what is symptom of loss of nucleus ambiguus in lateral medullary syndrome?

A

ipsilateral drooping palate, hoarseness and impaired swallowing with impaired gag reflex

46
Q

what is symptom of loss of spinal trigeminal nucleus in lateral medullary syndrome?

A

ipsilateral impairment of pain and temperature on the face

47
Q

what is symptom of loss of vestibular nucleus in lateral medullary syndrome?

A

nystagmus/vertigo/ipsilateral ataxia

48
Q

aside from CN issues with lateral medullary syndrome, what other tracts are affected?

A

spinothalamic and hypothalamospinal

49
Q

what are symptoms of spinothalamic tract loss in lateral medullary syndrome?

A

contralateral impairment of pain and temp from body

50
Q

what are symptoms of hypothalamospinal tract loss in lateral medullary syndrome?

A

horners syndrome ipsilateral

51
Q

what is involved in the nucleus ambiguus?

A

motor to vagus nerve

Neuro Week 2 (14 decks)

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