Cranial Nerve/Brainstem Strokes Flashcards
what are the major functions of the cranial nerves supplied by the PCA?
pupillary and eye movement
what cranial nerves does the PCA supply?
3 and 4
do the corticospinal and corticobulbar run in medial or lateral portions of the brainstem?
medial…except in midbrain where they are in cerebral peduncle
does the dorsal column medial lemniscus run in medial or lateral portion of the brainstem?
medial in all portions
is the spinothalamic tract in medial or lateral portion of the brainstem?
depends on the part of the stem
where is the spinothalamic tract in the pons?
just lateral to the DCLM
what vessel covers the spinothalamic tract in the pons?
AICA
where is the spinothalamic tract in the medulla?
lateral and posterior
what vessel supplies the spinothalamic tract in the medulla?
PICA
name the three nuclei of cranial nerves to know in the midbrain?
edinger westphal nucleus
occulomotor nucleus
trochlear nucleus
if CN 3 is injured, what happens to the eye? 3 things
eyelid droops
eye moves down and out
pupil dilates
if CN 4 is injured what happens to the eye?
eye moves up and in
what are the four main nuclei of cranial nerves in the pons
cochlear/vestibular
spinal trigeminal
abducens
facial nucleus
the spinal trigeminal nuclei carries info for what four cranial nerves?
5,7,9,10
is spinal trigeminal nuclei in medial or lateral portion of pons?
lateral
is the facial nucleus in medial or lateral portion of the pons/
lateral
is the abducens nuclei in the medial or lateral portion of the pons?
medial
is the vestibulocochlear nuclei in lateral or medial portion of the pons?
lateral
what three nuclei does the AICA provide in the pons?
spinal trigeminal
facila
vestibulocochlear
what nuclei does the pontine provide in the pons?
abducens
what cranial nerve is affected in medial pontine vascular syndrome?
abducens
what happens to eye in medial pontine syndrome?
imparied movement of lateral rectus so when looking left with left eye and left injury the eyes stays in center
what other tracts aside from CN VI are affected with medial pontine syndrome?
corticospinal tract and DCML
what are symptoms of medial pontine syndrome?
CN VI issue ipsilateral
Contralateral loss of fine touch, vibration
Contralateral weakness of skeletal muscle
what three nuclei of CNs will be affected in lateral pontine syndrome?
vestibulocochlear
facial
spinal trigeminal
what will loss of spinal trigeminal nuclei in lateral pontine syndrome result in?
ipsilateral impaired pain/temp sensation in face
what will loss of facial nerve in lateral pontine syndrome result in?
weakness of ipsilateral face and loss of corneal reflex
what will loss of vestibulocochlear nuclei lead to in lateral pontine syndrome?
vertigo and ipsilateral deafness
what other tracts, aside from CNs will be damaged in lateral pontine syndrome?
spinothalamic tract and hypothalamospinal tract
what is result of loss of spinothalamic tract in lateral pontine syndrome?
contralateral loss of pain/temp in body
what is result of loss of hypothalamospinal tract in lateral pontine syndrome?
loss of ipsilateral sympathetic innervation to face…horners syndrome
what are the four nuclei in the medulla to know?
vestibular nuclei
spinal trigeminal still
nucleus ambiguus
hypoglossal nuclei
where is the vestibular nuclei located in the medulla?
dorsolateral portion
where is the spinal trigeminal nuclei located in the medulla?
dorsolateral portion
where is the nucleus ambiguus located in the medulla?
dorsolateral portion
where is the hypoglossal nuclei located in the medulla?
medial portion
the PICA serves what three CN nuclei in the medulla?
spinal trigeminal
nucleus ambiguus
vestibular
the anterior spinal serves what CN in the medulla?
hypoglossal
in addition to the CNs that the PICA serves in the medulla, what other tracts does it supply?
STT and hypothalamospinal
in addition to the CNs that the anterior spinal serves in the medulla, what other tracts does it supply?
DCML and CST and corticobulbar
what reflex is associated with medulla?
GAG
in medial medullary syndrome, what CN is affected?
hypglossal
what is symptom of hypoglossal loss in medial medullary syndrome?
tongue deviation to ipsilateral side of lesion
aside from hypoglossal change, what are two other changes found in medial medullary syndrome?
contralateral impairment of fine touch/vibration sensation and contralateral muscle weakness
what is symptom of loss of nucleus ambiguus in lateral medullary syndrome?
ipsilateral drooping palate, hoarseness and impaired swallowing with impaired gag reflex
what is symptom of loss of spinal trigeminal nucleus in lateral medullary syndrome?
ipsilateral impairment of pain and temperature on the face
what is symptom of loss of vestibular nucleus in lateral medullary syndrome?
nystagmus/vertigo/ipsilateral ataxia
aside from CN issues with lateral medullary syndrome, what other tracts are affected?
spinothalamic and hypothalamospinal
what are symptoms of spinothalamic tract loss in lateral medullary syndrome?
contralateral impairment of pain and temp from body
what are symptoms of hypothalamospinal tract loss in lateral medullary syndrome?
horners syndrome ipsilateral
what is involved in the nucleus ambiguus?
motor to vagus nerve
