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Neuro Week 2 > Eye Anatomy > Flashcards

Eye Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what 2 structures come through the optic canal?

A

optic nerve and opthalmic artery

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2
Q

what 5 things go through the superior orbital fissure?

A 
III
IV
V1
VI
superior opthalmic veins
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3
Q

what passes through the ethmoidal foramina?

A

ethmoidal nerves/vessels

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4
Q

name the three layers surrounding the eye from outer to inner

A

sclera
choroid
retina

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5
Q

what layer of the eye makes the white outer layer?

A

sclera

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6
Q

what does the sclera form in the anterior portion of the eye?

A

cornea

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7
Q

what is special about the cornea?

A

highest density of pain receptors in the body

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8
Q

what does the choroid mainly contain in the middle layer around the eye?

A

vascular parts to provide oxygen and nutrients to eye

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9
Q

what does the choroid become at anterior part of eye?

A

ciliary body/muscle

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10
Q

what comes off of the ciliary body/muscle?

A

zonular fibers

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11
Q

what is the fxn of the zonular fibers that come off the ciliary body that comes from the choroid?

A

these are tendon like structures in charge of controlling the shape of the lens

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12
Q

in addition to the zonular fibers, what else does the ciliary body connect to?

A

the iris of the eye

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13
Q

name the two muscles that control the iris of the eye

A

pupillary sphincter muscle

pupillary dilator muscle

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14
Q

what controls the pupillary sphincter muscle? what does it cause?

A

parasympathetic control from CN III…pupillary constriction

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15
Q

what controls the pupillary dilator muscle? what does it cause?

A

sympathetic control…pupillary dilation

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16
Q

what does the retina contain?

A

ganglion cells that are mainly responsible for vision

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17
Q

what is just lateral to the optic disc?

A

macula of the retina

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18
Q

what is the macula of the retina?

A

area of intense visual acuity

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19
Q

name the four layers that light passes through before focusing on the retina

A

cornea
aqueous humor
lens
vitreous body

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20
Q

what are tarsal plates?

A

bands of dense connective tissue that provide structure and support to the eyelids

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21
Q

what do tarsal plates have in them to help lubricate the eyelid?

A

tarsal glands

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22
Q

what is the layer that covers the eye externally?

A

palperbral conjuctiva

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23
Q

name the two parts of the conjunctiva

A

palperbral and bulbar

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24
Q

inflammation of the conjuctiva leads to what?

A

conjunctivitis

25
Q

what is the fxn of the orbicularis oris?

A

closes eyelid

26
Q

what is the innervation of the orbicularis oris?

A

facial nerve CN VII

27
Q

what is the muscle that lifts the eyelid?

A

levator palpebrae superiosis

28
Q

what is the innervation of the levator palpebrae superiosis?

A

CN III

29
Q

where does the tendon of the levator palpebrae superiosis attach?

A

tarsal plate of the eyelid

30
Q

what is the action of the superior tarsal?

A

it helps lift the upper eyelid

31
Q

what is the innervation of the superior tarsal?

A

sympathetic nerves

32
Q

name the three muscles in charge of movement of the eyelid

A

orbicularis oris
levator palpebrae superiosis and
superior tarsal

33
Q

where does the lacrimal gland reside?

A

the lateral aspect of the orbit

34
Q

what does the lacrimal gland secrete?

A

tears

35
Q

what innervates the lacrimal gland?

A

greater petrosal nerve, a branch of facial nerve

36
Q

where do eye tears drain into?

A

nasolacrimal sac into the duct

37
Q

name the six muscles of the eye

A

superior, inferior, medial and lateral rectus
and
superior and inferior oblique

38
Q

what nerve innervates the lateral rectus?

A

CN VI

39
Q

what nerve innervates the medial rectus?

A

CN III

40
Q

what nerve innervates the superior rectus?

A

CN III

41
Q

what nerve innervates the inferior rectus?

A

CN III

42
Q

what nerve innervates the superior oblique?

A

CN IV

43
Q

what nerve innervates the inferiror oblique?

A

CN III

44
Q

where do the majority of the eye muscles come from?

A

common tendinous ring

45
Q

what is the one eye muscle that does not originate from the common tendinous ring? where does it originate then?

A

inferior oblique…from the medial aspect of the orbit

46
Q

the superior rectus causes what eye movements?

A

moves it up and in

47
Q

the inferior rectus causes what eye movement?

A

moves it down and in

48
Q

the superior oblique causes what eye movements?

A

moves it down and out

49
Q

the inferior oblique causes what eye movement?

A

moves it up and out

50
Q

what is the main artery that feeds the eye?

A

opthalmic arteyr

51
Q

what does the opthalmic artery branch from?

A

internal carotid artery

52
Q

what is the one branch of the opthalmic artery to know?

A

central retinal artery

53
Q

where do the veins of the eye drain?

A

into the cavernous sinus

54
Q

what are the three actions of the occulomotor nerve?

A

innervates 4 eye muscles, innervates levator palpebrae superior and sends parasympathetic nerves to the eye

55
Q

what is the action of the facial nerve in the eye?

A

parasympathetic stimulation of the lacrimal gland

56
Q

what is the action of the opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve in the eye?

A

gives sensory info to eye and orbit

57
Q

what is the branch of the opthalmic V1 division of trigeminal that gives sensation to the eyeball/cornea?

A

nasociliary nerve

58
Q

pupillary constriction and lens accomodation is sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

parasympathetic

59
Q

pupillary dilation and superior tarsal muscle innervation is parasympathetic or sympathetic innervation?

A

sympathetic

Neuro Week 2 (14 decks)

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