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Pathology II > Neoplasia VI > Flashcards

Neoplasia VI Flashcards

1
Q

uv radiation via pyrimidine dimers –> DNA damage and NER pathway

A

skin cancer

those with enzyme defects in NER pathway are highly susceptible (xeroderma pigmentosum)

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2
Q

ionizing radiation

A

chromosome breakage, translocation and pt mutation

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3
Q

atomic bomb

A

leukemia (except CLL)

thyroid cancer

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4
Q

x ray workers

A

radiatin dermatitis and skin canceres

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5
Q

dials of watches with radium

A

osteosarcoma

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6
Q

hepatitis B virus –> hepatocellular carcinoma

A

chronic liver cell injury arnd regenrative hyperplasia

also HBx prtn with activates growth promoting genes and binds p53

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7
Q

hepatitis C virus –> hepatocellular carcinoma

A

chronic liver cell injury and regeneration

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8
Q

burkitt lymphoma
hodgkin lymphoma
Bcell lymphoma in immunosuppressed
nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

EBV

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9
Q

high risk HPV

A

16,18,31 viral dna integrates into host genome

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10
Q

E6 HPV gene

A

inhibits p53

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11
Q

E7 HPV gene

A

inhibits Rb

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12
Q

HTLV-1 human t cell leukemia virus type 1

A

Cd4 tropism

Tax gnes which activates cFos IL2 GM-CSF and inactivates p16INK4a

stimualtes trx of viral mRNA

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13
Q

HIV –>

A

lymphoma

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14
Q

HHV8

A

kaposi sarcoma

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15
Q

helicobater pylori

A

gastric MALT lymphomas and gastric carcinoma

via CagA gnee stimulating growth factor pathway

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16
Q

estrogen hormonal carcinogenesis

A

breat cnacer

quamous cell carcinoma of cervic

leiomyoma of uterus

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17
Q

contraceptive hormones

A

breast cnacer

beinign/malignant liver tumors

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18
Q

anabolic steroids

A

benign/malignant liver tumors

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19
Q

loss of body fat wasteing and profound weakness

A

cancer cachexia ——- associated with TNF

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20
Q

what are para-neoplastic syndromes

A

distant effects of a tumore unrealted to primary tumor or metastasis

21
Q

lung cancer para neoplastic syndrom

A

ACTH cushing syndrom

diabetes, wt loss, hypertesnion

22
Q

small cell carcinoma of lung para-neoplastic syndrome

A

hyponatremia.SIADH

asoociated with aDH

23
Q

acnathosis nigricans

A

black armpit associated withstomach carcinoma (you may also see leser-trelat sign)

24
Q

carcinoid syndrome (flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm, tachycardia)

A

because tumor secretes serotonin (observe 5-HIAA in urine)

carcinoid tumor located on appendix or small intestine

25
Q

malignancy acounts for __- cases of yeprcalcemia

A

40%

26
Q

causes of hypercalcemia in malig nancy

A

release of PTH related peptide (squamous cell ca of lunga dn renal ca)

osteolytic bony metastasis (breast cancer)

27
Q

observe hypocalcemia

A

calcitonin

medullary ca of thyroid

28
Q

observe gynecomastia

A

B-HCG hormone

chroicCA testis

29
Q

eaton-lambert syndrome

A

myasthenia gravis like syndrome

small cell CA of lung

30
Q

what would you use when you do not know the cell of orign of tumor

A

immunohistology

31
Q

cytokeratin or eptithelia membrane antigen

A

epithelial origin

32
Q

vimentin or desmin

A

mesenchmal origin

desmin is muscle specifically

33
Q

LCA leukocyte common antigen

A

leukocyte origin

34
Q

NSE neruonal specific enolase

A

neuronal tumor or smal cel carcinoma of lung

35
Q

chromogranin and synaptophysin

A

neuronal tumor

36
Q

thryroglobulin

A

thyroid cnacer

37
Q

CD10

A

acute lympho alstic leukemai

38
Q

placental alkaline phosphatase

A

seminoma

39
Q

vWF, CD31

A

vascualr neoplasma

40
Q

CEA antigen

A

tumor marker for CA colon, pancrease, stomach and breat

41
Q

PSA

A

prostate cancer marker

42
Q

B human chorionic gonadotropin

A

trophoblastic tumore marker

43
Q

CA125

A

ovarian carcinoma marker

44
Q

alpha fetoprtn

A

hepatocellular carcinom and germ cell tumor of testes.ovary marker

45
Q

NSE

A

marker for small cell carcinoma of lugn

46
Q

calcitonin

A

marker for medullary thryodi carcinoma

47
Q

CA 19-9

A

marker for colon cancer, pancreatic cancer

48
Q

CA 15-3

A

marker from breast carcioma

Pathology II (14 decks)

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