Neoplasia III

Question 1

4 steps of invasion of ECM

Answer 1

1. detachment
2. attachment
3. degradation
4. migration

Question 2

detachment of tumor cells from each other

Answer 2

E-cadherin not produced

Question 3

attachment to matrix component

Answer 3

laminin and laminin receptor

Question 4

degradation of ECM

Answer 4

collagenases (MMP) degrade type IV collagen

Question 5

migration of tumor cells

Answer 5

• binding of fibronectin receopto

- motility factor secreted by tumor cell

Question 6

expression of _____– on tumor cells favors metastasis

Answer 6

CD44

Question 7

malignant cells exfoliate and implant and invade tissue in a body cavity

Answer 7

seeding of body cavities

Question 8

most common type of metastasis

Answer 8

lymphatic spread

Question 9

is lymphatic spread more typical of carcinomas or sarcomas

Answer 9

carcinomas

Question 10

painful nodule in lymph node

Answer 10

pain is a good thing

cancer is usually painless (non-tender)

Question 11

follicular carcinomas

Answer 11

local invasion spread

no lymph spread

Question 12

renal cell carcinoma

Answer 12

spread via renal vein to IVC

no lymph spread

Question 13

hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 13

hematogenous spread (no lymph spread)

Question 14

spread typical of sarcomas

Answer 14

heamtogenous

Question 15

rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 15

local invasion

not blood

Question 16

multiple mass lesions with central areas of umbiilcation

Answer 16

characteristic for metastases to liver and lung

Question 17

first node in a regional lymphatic system that receives lymph flow from primary tumor

Answer 17

sentinel lymph node

Question 18

most common site for bony metastasis

Answer 18

vertebral column

Question 19

most common symptom of bone metatstasis

Answer 19

pain

Question 20

osteoblastic v. osteolytic metastasis

Answer 20

blastic: radiodense, increase serum alk phosphatase
lytic: lucencies in bone on xray, tumors produce factors activating osteoclasts, hypercalcemia

Question 21

multiple myelom

Answer 21

osteolytic metastases

Question 22

prostate cancer

Answer 22

osteoblastic metastases

Question 23

stomach adenocarcinoma s–>

Answer 23

virchows left supraclavicular node

Question 24

breast cancer –> l

Answer 24

lung bone

Question 25

colorectal cancer —>

Answer 25

liver

Question 26

renal adenocarcinoma –>

Answer 26

lung

Question 27

lung –>

Answer 27

adrenal , liver

Question 28

melanoma –>

Answer 28

liver, lung

Question 29

prostate –>

Answer 29

bone

Question 30

testicular tumor –>

Answer 30

para aortic nodes

Question 31

more important parameter:

Answer 31

stage

Question 32

grade =

Answer 32

1-4 based on mitotic index or uptake of BrdU (thymidine analog uptaked during S phase)

Question 33

well differntiated

Answer 33

grade 1

Question 34

nearly anaplastic

Answer 34

grade 4

Question 35

poorly differentiated

Answer 35

grade 3

Question 36

moderately diff.

Answer 36

grade 2

Question 37

staging TNM

Answer 37

t= size of tumor
N= nodal involvement
M= distant metastases

Question 38

dukes system

Answer 38

staging for colorectal cancer

Question 39

ann arbor system

Answer 39

staging for lymphomas

Question 40

female cancer death

Answer 40

lung
breast
colorectal

Question 41

male cancer death

Answer 41

lung
prostate
colorectal

Question 42

male cancer incidence

Answer 42

prostate
lung
colorectal

Question 43

female cancer incidence

Answer 43

breast
lung
colorectal

Question 44

gastric cancer is more common in

Answer 44

Japan

Question 45

radon

Answer 45

occupational lung cancer

Question 46

vinyl chloride

Answer 46

occupational angiosarcoma of liver

Question 47

nickle

Answer 47

occupational nose, lung

Question 48

arsenic

Answer 48

occupational lung, skin, hemangiosarcoma

Question 49

asbestos

Answer 49

occupational lung, mesothelioma, GI tract

Question 50

aniline dyes

Answer 50

bladder cancer

Question 51

pipe fitter, ship builders

Answer 51

mesothelioma from asbestos

Question 52

most common cancer type with age

Answer 52

carcinoma