Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phys/Pathophys I > Neoplasia > Flashcards

Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

___ is a benign neoplasm derived from a glandular cell

A

Adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

___ is a malignant neoplasm derived from epithelial cells

A

Carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

___ is a malignant neoplasm that is derived from mesenchymal cells (like fat and muscle)

A

Sarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

___ is a malignant neoplasm that is derived from lymphocytes

A

Lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

___ is how histologically similar to normal tissue the neoplasm is.

A

Differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A lack of differentiation is known as ___, which has a poor prognosis

A

Anaplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

___ occurs when there is a disordered growth of epithelium, loss of cellular uniformity and architectural orientation

A

Dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is necessary for carcinogenesis to occur?

A
  1. acquire self sufficiency in growth signals and ignore inhibitory signals.
  2. Evade apoptosis
  3. Acquire defects in DNA repair (mutate)
  4. Acquire ability to divide an unlimited number of times (proliferate)
  5. Promote angiogenesis
  6. Invade surrounding tissue and into distant organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

___ can cause unregulated cell growth through promotion of cellular division, creating further mutations.

A

Oncogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What 4 genes are most commonly affected during carcinogenesis?

A
  • Proto-oncogenes
  • Tumor suppressor genes
  • Apoptosis genes
  • DNA repair genes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Neoplasm results from survival of cells with ___ ___

A

multiple mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 7 common tumor markers?

A
  • PSA (prostate specific antigen)
  • CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen)
  • AFP (alpha fetoprotein)
  • B-HCG
  • CA-125
  • S-100
  • alkaline phosphatase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does T, N, and M stand for in the TNM system?

A

Tumor, Lymph Node status, Metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stage ___ means that the carcinoma is in situ and has not spread.

A

Stage 0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stage ___ indicates that the cancer has spread to distant tissues or organs

A

Stage IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Stage ___ indicates that the cancer has become larger and/or spread to adjacent tissues/organs/lymph nodes.

A

I, II, or III

17
Q

What are the methods of converting proto-oncogenes to oncogenes

A
  • overexpression
  • amplification
  • point mutation
  • translocation
18
Q

No one mutation will result in malignant neoplasms. Neoplasms result from survival of cells with _____

A

multiple mutations

19
Q

What are examples of hormones produced in paraneoplastic syndromes

A
  • Parathyroid hormone like protein
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
  • SIADH
  • Erythropoetin

Phys/Pathophys I (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions