Embryology/Histology Flashcards
___ is an intrauterine developing human; differentiated after 8 weeks into fetus
Embryo
___ are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specialized cells
stem cells
What germ layer develops into epidermis, hair, nails, lens of the eye, sebaceous gland?
Ectoderm
What germ layer develops into the epithelium of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Respiratory ?
Endoderm
What germ layer develops into the muscle, bone, connective tissue, fat, Cardiovascular System and Lymph System, and Genitourinary Tract ?
Mesoderm
___ is the supportive tissue of a structure or organ.
Stroma
____ is the functional tissue of a structure or organ, ie heart, liver, kidneys, etc
Parenchyma
Malignant tumors that are ____ tend to be less aggressive.
well differentiated
___ are benign tumors of epithelial tissue of glandular origin.
Adenomas
____ are malignancies of epithelial cells.
Carcinomas
____ are malignancies of epithelial cells of glandular origin.
Adenocarcinomas
What are some benign tumors of mesodermal origin
- lipoma
- hemangioma
- uterine leiomyomas (uterine fibroids)
- Fibromas
____ connective tissue is prone to marked swelling with edema, some situations can become life threatening such as Epiglottitis, Laryngeal edema or anaphylaxis.
Areolar (loose)
The TNM classification and Tumor Staging are used in medicine to determine ____ and predict the ____ of given cancer treatments.
- treatment plans
- survival outcomes
Malignant tumors that are ___ tend to be aggressive.
poorly differentiated
____ are malignant tumors of mesodermal origin
Sarcomas
Examples of diffuse fibrotic infiltration of tissues that can cause severe loss of function are: ____ and _____
- liver cirrhosis
- pulmonary fibrosis
TNM stands for ___, ___, ___
Tumor, Nodes, Metastasis
In the TNM classification system, Tis means
Tumor in situ
In the TNM classification system, what does N1a and N2a indicate?
There are regional nodes, but no metastasis
In the TNM classification system, what does N1b, N2b, N3b indicate?
Regional lymph nodes - metastasis suspected
TNM criteria is used in staging cancers for ____ and used to ____.
- treatment planning
- predict survival
