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RUSVM Parasitology > Nematode: Ascaridida > Flashcards

Nematode: Ascaridida Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general characteristics of Ascarids?

A 
Roundworms
Host specific 
Large white nematode with 3 lips 
Adults small intestine 
Eggs thick walled 
Direct life cycle
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2
Q

What methods of transmission can be observed in Ascarids

A

Per os
Transmammary
Transplacental
PH

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3
Q

What is the infective stage of Ascarids?

A

L2 or L3 in egg

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4
Q

List ascarid species

A 
Toxocara canis 
Tosascaris leonia 
Toxascaris cati 
Baylisascaris procyonis 
Parascaris eqquorum 
Ascarids suum
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5
Q

Host of toxocara canis?

A

Dogs

Zoonotic

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6
Q

Identify

Adults 10-12cm, round white
Egg: dark brown, round, thick pitted shell
Dog

A

Toxocara canis

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7
Q

Life cycle of Toxocara canis?

A 
4 modes of infection 
Per os 
Transplacental 
Transmammary 
PH

Egg to egg with L3
L3 hatch cross intestinal wall migrate to liver
Pulmonary capillary
Somatic tissue

Direct

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8
Q

Pathogenesis and clinical signs of Toxocara canis?

A

age, number, site?
Intestinal obstruction with large numbers -> pot bellied
Entire nematodes can pass in feces and vomit

Pups- prenatal or transmammary infections, can die from pneumonia
Vomit after each meal

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9
Q

Diagnosis of toxocara canis?

A

Clinical signs can be seen before eggs
Eggs in fecal float

Adult worms in feces/vomit/necropsy

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10
Q

Treatment and control of toxocara canis?

A

Treat pregnant botch
Treat puppies (2, 4, 6, and 8wks)
Kill L4 and immature adult stances

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11
Q

Toxocara canis can cause _____________ in humans?

A

Visceral larval migrans and ocular larval migrans

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12
Q

Toxocara cati host?

A

Cat

Zoonotic

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13
Q

Modes of infection of toxocara cati?

A

Per os
Transmammary
PH

NO transplacental = seen in slightly older kittens

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14
Q

Host of toxascaris leonia?

A

Cat and dog

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15
Q

Identify

Adults - round white, 6-2cm
Eggs -oval with smooth thick shell

Cat or dog

A

Toxascaris leonina

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16
Q

What are the modes of infection for Toxascaris leonina?

A

Per os

PH

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17
Q

How do the PPP of toxocara and toxascaris compare?

A

Toxocara 3-10wks
Tosascaris 10-12wks
Ascaris suum 4-wks
Parascaris equorum 10-12wks

18
Q

Host of Baylisascaris procyonis?

A

Raccoons
Zoonotic with high level of VLM
Can infect dog

19
Q

Host of parascaris equorum?

A

Equine

20
Q

Mode of infection of parascaris?

A

Per os

21
Q

Host of asaris suum?

A

Pig
PH earthworm
Zoonotic

22
Q

Mode of infection of ascaris suum?

A

Per os

PH

23
Q

Identify

Adult
Round, white, 40cm
Egg : round, thick shell, mammilated, 50um

Pig

A

Ascaris suum

24
Q

Milk spots on the liver of a Pig are characterisitic of what parasite?

A

Ascaris suum

25
Q

Pathogenesis and clinical signs of Ascaris suum?

A

Heavy infection- transient pneumonia
Intestinal disturbances
Poor feed conversion; slow weight gain
Milk spots liver

26
Q

Treatment and prevention of Ascaris suum?

A

Associated with both indoor and outdoor

Reduce/eliminate source: treat/wash sows pre-farrowing
Treat piglets at weaning
Feed-through anthelmitics

27
Q

What are the general characteristics on Heterakoidea?

A 
Oval thick shelled egg
Small and large intestine
Large and small parasites 
PH can be involved
Infective L2
28
Q

Ascaridia spp common name?

A

Roundworm

29
Q

Hosts to Ascaridia spp?

A

Domestic and wild birds, CHICKEN

PH: Earthworms

30
Q

Identify

Bird
Round white worm 8-12cm
Egg- oval thick-shelled (80umx60um)

A

Ascaridia spp.

31
Q

Site of infection of Ascaridia spp?

A

Small intestine

32
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Ascaridia spp?

A

Weight loss

Obstruction of small intestine

33
Q

How do you diagnosis

A

Eggs in fecal examination

Necropsy

34
Q

What is the common name of Heterakis spp?

A

Poultry cecal worm

35
Q

Hosts of Heterakis spp.

A

Domestic and wild fowl

PH: earthworms and flies

36
Q

Site of infection of Heterakis spp?

A

Cecum

37
Q

What is the infective stage of both Ascaridia spp and Heterakis spp?

A

Egg with L2

38
Q

What is the PPP of Ascaridia spp?

A

4wks to 8wks

39
Q

What is the PPP of Heterakis spp?

A

3-4wks

40
Q

What is the signifcance of H.gallinarium infections?

A

The nematode itself is non-pathogenic but transmits Histomonas meleagridis which causes “blackhead” in turkeys

41
Q

What is the best way to diagnose Ascaridia spp/ Heterakis spp
?

A

Eggs in fecal examination
Ascaridia eggs> Heterakis eggs
Necropsy

RUSVM Parasitology (12 decks)

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