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RUSVM Parasitology > Diptera > Flashcards

Diptera Flashcards

1
Q

What are the identifying characteristics of Insects?

A

3 pairs of legs
Head, thorax, abdomen
Antenna

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2
Q

What is the live cycle of Diptera

A

Egg - larva -pupa-adult

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3
Q

What is the Veterinary importance of Diptera (files)

A 
Biological transmission of organisms
Mechanical transmission 
Fly strike (myiasis)
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4
Q

Muscidae contains what group of insects?

A

Flies of domestic animals

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5
Q

Common name of Musca domestica?

A

House fly

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6
Q

Hosts of Musca domestica?

A

Domestic animals and humans

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7
Q

ID

Adults 5.5. 7.5 mm
Light to dark grey
Sticky hairs on pads of legs
Sponging mouthparts

A

Musca domestica
House fly

OR

Musca autumalis
Face fly

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8
Q

Common name of Musca autumnalis?

A

Face fly

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9
Q

What is the site of infestation of Musca atumnalis?

A

Animal secretions and wounds

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10
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Musca autumnalis?

A

Annoyance (feeds on face secretions)

Mechanical and biological vector

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11
Q

What are the clinical signs of Musca autumnalis ?

A

Decreased grading
Drop in performance
Eye disorders/conjunctivitis

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12
Q

Common name of Stomoxys calcitrans?

A

Stable fly/biting house fly

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13
Q

Host of stomoxys calitrans

A

Most animals and humans

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14
Q

ID

Adults 5.5 -7.5mm
Mouthparts ridged, conspicuous, and forward projecting
Sits on wall head up

A

Stomoxys calcitrans

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15
Q

What is the life cycle of Stomoxys calcitrans ?

A

Feed on blood
3mins to finish blood meal
Females lay eggs on decaying matter (damp hay)

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16
Q

Pathogenesis and clinical signs of Stomoxys calcitrans ?

A

Attacks animals -> head and ear movement, skin twitches, and tail swishes

Transmit disease organisms

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17
Q

What is the treatment and prevention of face fly ad stable fly?

A 
Screens
Sanitation
Insecticides
Treat horse and environment 
Do NOT treat compost
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18
Q

Common name of haematobia irritans?

A

Horn fly

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19
Q

Host of haematobia irritans

A

Cattle

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20
Q

ID

Smallest blood sucking muscid
1/4 size of stable fly and shorter proboscis

A

Haematobia irritans

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21
Q

Life cycle of haematobia irritans?

A

Remain on host except when female lays eggs in fresh feces

Overwinter (pupa diapause)

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22
Q

Site of infection of Haematobia irritans?

A

Back
Abdomen when raining
Cluster around horns

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23
Q

Pathogenesis of haematobia irritans

A

Intense irritatin
Impair milk production and weight gain
Transmit cattle helminths

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24
Q

Culicoides spp common name?

A

Biting midges

No-see-umm

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25
Q

Hosts of culicoides spp?

A

Domestic animals and humans

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26
Q

ID

1.5mm
Mottled wings, short piercing probiscis, antenna long and slender

A

Culicoides

No-see-umm

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27
Q

Pathogenesis of culicoides spp?

A

Annoyance

Transmit Protozoa, helminth (onchocerca) and virus

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28
Q

Clinical signs of culicoides spp?

A

Painful bite

Allergic rxn in some horses

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29
Q

Treatment and prevention of culicoides spp?

A

Decrease standing water
Avid marshy pasture
Treat horse: repellent, insecticide

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30
Q

Common name of Tabanus spp?

A

Horse fly

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31
Q

Host of Tabanus spp?

A

Large domestic or wild animal, human, small animals, birds..

Why don’t they just say everything?

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32
Q

Pathogenesis of Tabanus spp?

A

Painful bite

Mechanical vectors

33
Q

Common name of Chysopos spp?

34
Q

ID

Dark band across wing
Antennae elongate
Bite horse in shaded area
Horse stands in sun to avoid

A

Chrysops spp

35
Q

How are Tabanus spp and Chrysops spp differentiated for diagnosis

A

Chrysops prefers shade

Chrysops have longer antennae

36
Q

Treatment and prevetion of Tabanids (Tabanus and Chrysops spp)

A

Repellents and insecticides on animal and in housing

37
Q

Host of melophagus ovinus?

38
Q

ID

Flattened, hairy, wingless
Blood sucking mouthparts

In wool of sheep

A

Melophagus ovinus

39
Q

Life cycle of melophagus ovinus ?

A

Female produce one egg that hatches in her body

Third instar attach to fleece
Pupate
Adults emerge in 3 wks in summer (longer in winter)

40
Q

What is the infestation of living animals with the larvae of Diptera flies?

A

Myiasis

Facultative or obligatory

41
Q

Cutaneous myiasis is also known as ________

A

Fly strike

42
Q

What species are in the family Oestridae?

A

Cuterebra spp
Hypoderma spp
Oestrus ovis

Larvae- obligatory parasites (host specific)
Adults- large flies with non-functional mouthparts

43
Q

Common name of Cuterebra spp?

A

Rodent/rabbit bot fly

New world skin bot flies

44
Q

Host to cuterebra spp?

A

Rodent, rabbit, dog, cat

Zoonotic

45
Q

What is the site of infection of cuterebra spp?

A

Subcutaneous tissue -nasal and oral regions

Can migrate to brain

46
Q

Pathogenesis and lesions of cuterebra spp?

A

Fibrotic cyst forms from instar in subcutaneous tissue.

Instar in brain of cat can lead to infarction

47
Q

Diagnosis of Cuterebra spp?

A

Instar can be removed whole
Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
Wound heals slowly

48
Q

Common name of hypoderma spp?

A

Warble fly, heel fly, on warble (adult)

Cattle grub (instar)

49
Q

Host of hypoderma spp?

50
Q

The 1st instar stage of hypoderma over winters; Hypoderma ____________ accumulates in submucosa of espohagus and Hypoderma __________ accumulates in epidural fat of spinal cord

A

Lineatum

Bovis

51
Q

What species of hypoderma is laid in lines of 6 or more on a lower limb

A

H. Lineatum

52
Q

What is the site of infestation of 3rd stage instars of hypoderma?

A

Lumps (warbles) on backs of cattle in spring

53
Q

What 3rd stage larvae of Diptera is found under the skin and causes damage/downgrades carcass leading to economic losses

A

Hypoderma spp

54
Q

What are the clinical signs of Hyproderma spp?

A

Bloat ->H lineatum

Paraplegia -> H. Bovis (toxins)

55
Q

What is the common name of oestrus ovis?

A

Sheep nasal bot

Warble fly of sheep

56
Q

Host of oestrus ovis?

A

Sheep,goat, llama, humans

57
Q

ID

Sheep
Nasal bots 3cms long, yellowish-white

A

Oestrus ovis

Sheep nasal bot

58
Q

What is the life cycle of oestrus ovis?

A

Female deposit 1st instar in nostril of she
Overwinter (2wks to 9months)
Developing bots feed on mucus causing irritation
2nd and 3rd stage instars develop in frontal sinuses
Sneezed out -> pupate
Adults emerge

59
Q

What is the pathogenesis of oestrus ovis?

A

Irritation by hooks and spines
Bacterial infection common
Lose condition and weight-> avoiding fly attacks

Nasal discharge

Aberrant migration through soft pallet -> brain cavity

Humans can be infected in eye or lip-> no further development

60
Q

What is the common name of Gasterophilus spp? And what species does it infest?

A

Bot fly larvae
Bot fly

Horse

61
Q

What are the two species of Gasterophilus spp?

A

G. Intestinalis -red; two rows of spines

G. Nasalis -yellow; one row of spines

62
Q

What is the life cycle of Gasterophilus spp

A

Egg hatch to first instar (G. Intestinalis hatches when licked and attaches to tongue; G. Nasalis hatches spontaneously and crawls into mouth)

1st and 2nd instar strange in oral cavity
3rd instar swallowed and develops

Pass in feces -> pupate ->adult

63
Q

Eggs of Gasterophilus intestinalis are laid _______________ and eggs of Gasterophilus nasalis are laid __________________

A

Foreleg and shoulder ; intermandibular space

64
Q

The 3rd stage instar of Gaterophilus intersinalis is found in the _______________ while Gaterophilus nasalis is found in the ___________________

A

Stomach; small intestine

65
Q

What is the pathogenesis and clinical signs of Gasterophilus spp?

A

Adult fly annoyance
Instars can provoke inflammatory reaction

Fly worry

66
Q

What is the treatment for Gasterophilus spp?

A

Manual removal of eggs

Endoparasiticides for instar stages

67
Q

Common name of cochliomyia hominivorax

68
Q

Host of cochliomyia hominivorax

69
Q

ID

Blush green flies
Three stripes of throax
Orange brown eyes

On livestock

A

Cochliomyia hominivorax

70
Q

What is the life cycle of cochliomyia hominivorax ?

A

Larvae feed invasively on living tissue

Adult females mate only once in entire life

71
Q

What is the site of infestation of cochliomyia hominivorax ?

A

Eggs laid on fresh, uninflected wounds

72
Q

What is the pathogenesis of cochliomyia hominivorax?

A

Wound attract female flies
Blowfly strike
Foul smelling lesion
Death of host

73
Q

Diagnosis of cochliomyia hominivorax ?

A

Maggots in lesion

Reportable

74
Q

What is the treatment and prevention of cochliomyia hominivorax ?

A

Treat wounds

Release sterile males

75
Q

What is the common name of scarophagidae?

A

Flesh flies

76
Q

Host of sarcophagidae?

A

Any animal

77
Q

Life cycle of sarcophagidae?

A

1st instar laid in sores/wounds/wool soiled with feces or urine
3rd instar and leave host to pupate
Pupae overwintering stage

78
Q

Site of infestation of sarcophagidae?

79
Q

Treatment and prevention

A

Prevent situations that attract flies

  • sanitation
  • improve husbandry
  • tail docking

Treat wound immediately

RUSVM Parasitology (12 decks)

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