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Anatomy > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Trapezius muscle

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2
Q

Anterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

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3
Q

Inferior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Clavicle

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4
Q

Subdivisions of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Occipital Triangle and Subclavian (Omoclavicular) Triangle

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5
Q

Boundary between the Occipital and Subclavian triangles within the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle

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6
Q

Nerves contained in the posterior triangle of the neck (9)

A

Lesser occipital nerve
Transverse cervical nerve
Greater auricular nerve
Supraclavicular nerves (lateral, intermediate, and medial branches)
Cranial nerve X (Vagus nerve)
Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve)
Phrenic nerve
Sympathetic chain
Brachial plexus

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7
Q

Sensory nerves to the skin contained in the posterior triangle of the neck (4)
Arise from the cervical plexus (C1-C4) and is a target for superficial cervical nerve block

A

Lesser occipital nerve
Transverse cervical nerve
Greater auricular nerve
Supraclavicular nerves (lateral, intermediate, and medial branches)

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8
Q

Sensory nerve in the posterior triangle of the neck that contains lateral, intermediate, and medial branches

A

Supraclavicular nerves

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9
Q

Other name of Vagus nerve

A

Cranial nerve X

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10
Q

Other name for Cranial nerve X

A

Vagus nerve

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11
Q

Other name for Cranial nerve XI

A

Spinal accessory nerve

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12
Q

Nerve in the posterior triangle of the neck that is contained within the carotid sheath, and supplies the larynx and many other structures

A

Cranial nerve X (Vagus nerve)

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13
Q

Nerve in the posterior triangle of the neck that innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
Passes deep to the SCM muscle

A

Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve)

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14
Q

Motor nerve in the posterior triangle of the neck that supplies the diaphragm
Runs on the anterior surface of the anterior scalene muscle

A

Phrenic nerve

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15
Q

Motor nerve in the posterior triangle of the neck that supplies visceral structures such as smooth muscle in blood vessels
Is a major part of the autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic chain

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16
Q

Nervous component of the posterior triangle of the neck that lies behind the anterior scalene muscle

A

Brachial plexus

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17
Q

Arteries of the posterior triangle of the neck (3)

A

Common carotid artery
Subclavian artery (and its branches)
External carotid artery

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18
Q

Branches of the subclavian artery (3)

A

Vertebral artery
Internal thoracic artery
Thyrocervical trunk and its 3 branches

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19
Q

Branch of the subclavian artery that goes up to the brain

A

Vertebral artery

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20
Q

Branch of the subclavian artery that runs down the inside of the ribs

A

Internal thoracic artery

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21
Q

Branch of the subclavian artery that has 3 branches

A

Thyrocervical trunk

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22
Q

Branches of the Thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery

A

Transverse cervical artery
Suprascapular artery
Inferior thyroid artery

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23
Q

The occipital artery is a branch of this

A

External carotid artery

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24
Q

Veins of the posterior triangle of the neck (3)

A

External jugular vein
Internal jugular vein
Subclavian vein

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25
Q

Vein of the posterior triangle of the neck that is very superficial, opens into the subclavian vein, and its distention is an indicator of central venous pressure

A

External jugular vein

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26
Q

Vein of the posterior triangle of the neck that unites with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein

A

Internal jugular vein

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27
Q

Vein of the posterior triangle of the neck that is the primary venous drainage of the brain and neck
Is enclosed in the carotid sheath

A

Internal jugular vein

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28
Q

Contents of the carotid sheath

A

Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve (CN X)
Internal carotid artery

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29
Q

Vein of the posterior triangle of the neck that unites with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein

A

Subclavian vein

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30
Q

Vein of the posterior triangle of the neck that lies anterior to the anterior scalene muscle and is a major target for running IV lines

A

Subclavian vein

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31
Q

The Brachiocephalic vein is formed by the union of these two veins

A

Internal jugular vein
Subclavian vein

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32
Q

Distention of this vein is an indicator of central venous pressure (blockage or cardiovascular complication)

A

External jugular vein

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33
Q

Lymph nodes aggregate in high numbers around these structures

A

Veins

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34
Q

Superficial group of cervical lymph nodes accompany this structure

A

External jugular vein

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35
Q

Superficial cervical lymph nodes drain into these

A

Deep lymph nodes

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36
Q

The deep group of cervical lymph nodes accompany this structure

A

Internal jugular vein

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37
Q

On the right side of the body, the deep cervical lymph nodes drain into this structure

A

Right lymphatic duct

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38
Q

On the left side of the body, the deep cervical lymph nodes drain into this structure

A

Thoracic duct

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39
Q

Lymph duct that drains the entire body except the right side of the head, neck, and thorax above the diaphragm

A

Thoracic duct

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40
Q

Lymph duct at the junction of the left internal jugular vein and left subclavian vein

A

Thoracic duct

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41
Q

Lymph duct at the junction of the right internal jugular vein and right subclavian vein

A

Right lymphatic duct

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42
Q

Lymph duct that drains the right side of the head, neck, and thorax above the diaphragm

A

Right lymphatic duct

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43
Q

These two structures are where the thoracic duct (left side) and right lymphatic duct (right side) are located

A

Internal jugular vein and Subclavian vein

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44
Q

The scalene muscles arise superiorly from these structures

A

Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

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45
Q

The scalene muscles insert onto this structure

A

Rib 1 or 2

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46
Q

Innervation of the scalene muscles

A

Ventral rami of the cervical plexus

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47
Q

Action of the scalene muscles

A

Flex neck laterally
Elevate associated rib during forced inspiration

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48
Q

The subclavian artery is deep to this structure

A

Anterior scalene muscle

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49
Q

The subclavian vein is anterior to this structure

A

Anterior scalene muscle

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50
Q

This structure is deep to the anterior scalene muscle

A

Subclavian artery

51
Q

This structure is anterior to the anterior scalene muscle

A

Subclavian vein

52
Q

In a superficial cervical nerve block, the entire sensory cervical plexus is anesthetized at this location

A

From the mid-posterior region of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

53
Q

Condition caused by pressure on the brachial plexus (vascular or nervous)

A

Thoracic outlet syndrome

54
Q

The brachial plexus lies behind this structure

A

Anterior scalene muscle

55
Q

Superior boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Mandible

56
Q

Posterior boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

57
Q

Midline boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Median plane / Midline

58
Q

Inferior boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Sternum

59
Q

2 Major subdivisions of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Infrahyoid and Suprahyoid regions

60
Q

Triangles of the infrahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Muscular triangle and Carotid triangle

61
Q

Innervation to the muscles of the infrahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Ansa cervicalis nerve

62
Q

Muscle of the anterior triangle of the neck that attaches to the sternum inferiorly and the hyoid bone superiorly

A

Sternohyoid muscle

63
Q

Muscle of the anterior triangle of the neck that attaches to the transverse scapular ligament inferiorly and the hyoid bone superiorly

A

Omohyoid

64
Q

Muscles of the superficial group of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Sternohyoid and Omohyoid muscles

65
Q

Muscles of the deep group of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Thyrohyoid and Sternothyroid muscles

66
Q

Muscle of the anterior triangle of the neck that attaches to the thyroid cartilage inferiorly and hyoid bone superiorly

A

Thyrohyoid muscle

67
Q

Muscle of the anterior triangle of the neck that attaches to the sternum inferiorly and thyoid cartilage superiorly

A

Sternothryoid muscle

68
Q

General actions of the infrahyoid muscles of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Stabilize the base of the tongue
Depress hyoid bone by swallowing

69
Q

Nerves of the infrahyoid of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Ansa cervicalis nerve
Cranial nerve X (Vagus nerve)
Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve)
Cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal nerve)

70
Q

Motor nerve of the infrahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck that consists of ventral rami of cervical nerves C1, C2, and C3

A

Ansa cervicalis nerve

71
Q

Part of ansa cervicalis nerve that runs with the hypoglossal nerve, dropping off to innervate the thyrohyoid muscle

A

C1

72
Q

Part of C1 of the Ansa cervicalis nerve runs with this nerve before dropping off to innervate the thyrohyoid muscle

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

73
Q

Part of C1 of the Ansa cervicalis nerve runs with the hypoglossal nerve before dropping off to innervate this muscle

A

Thyrohyoid muscle

74
Q

Nerve of the infrahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck that provides autonomic (parasynthetic) innervation to thoracic organs

A

Cranial nerve X (Vagus nerve)

75
Q

Branches of cranial nerve X (Vagus nerve)

A

Internal laryngeal nerve
External laryngeal nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerve

76
Q

Branch of CN X that provides sensory innervation to the larynx

A

Internal laryngeal nerve

77
Q

Branch of CN X that provides motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle

A

External laryngeal nerve

78
Q

Internal, external, and recurrent laryngeal nerves are branches of this nerve

A

CN X (Vagus nerve)

79
Q

The internal laryngeal nerve provides sensory or motor innervation to what structure?

A

Sensory innervation to the larynx

80
Q

External laryngeal nerve provides sensory or motor innervation to what structure?

A

Motor innervation to cricothyroid muscle

81
Q

Branch of CN X that provides sensory innervation to larynx and motor innervation to all intrinsic laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid muscle

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

82
Q

Nerve of the infrahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck that innervates tongue muscles

A

Cranial nerve XII (Hypoglossal nerve)

83
Q

Other name for Cranial nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal nerve

84
Q

Other name for hypoglossal nerve

A

Cranial nerve XII

85
Q

Branch of the carotid artery that has no cervical branches in the neck

A

Internal carotid artery

86
Q

Branches of the external carotid artery (NOT including the terminal branches) (4)

A

Superior thyroid, Lingual, Facial, and Occipital arteries

87
Q

The superior thyroid artery is a branch of what structure?

A

External carotid artery

88
Q

The inferior thryoid artery is a branch of what structure?

A

Subclavian system (via thyrocervical trunk)

89
Q

The superior thyroid, lingual, facial, and occipital arteries are branches off this artery

A

External carotid artery

90
Q

Vascular structures in the infrahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Common carotid artery
Anterior jugular vein
Internal jugular vein

91
Q

Muscle in the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck with two bellies

A

Digastric muscle

92
Q

Muscles of the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck (4)

A

Digastric muscle
Mylohyoid muscle
Geniohyoid muscle
Stylohyoid muscle

93
Q

Belly of the digastric muscle that is attached superiorly to mental spine (or genial tubercle) of the mandible

A

Anterior belly

94
Q

Innervation of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle

A

Mylohyoid nerve (of CN V)

95
Q

Muscles innervated by the mylohyoid nerve (of CN V)

A

Anterior belly of digastric muscle
Mylohyoid muscle

96
Q

Nerve branch of CN V that innervates the anterior belly of digastric muscle and mylohyoid muscle

A

Mylohyoid muscle

97
Q

Belly of the digastric muscle that attaches inferiorly to the mastoid notch of the temporal bone

A

Posterior belly

98
Q

Innervation of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

99
Q

Other name for facial nerve

A

CN VII

100
Q

Other name for CN VII

A

Facial nerve

101
Q

Structure that links the two bellies of the digastric muscle
Is attached to the hyoid bone

A

Intermediate tendon

102
Q

Action of the digastric muscle

A

Depresses mandible when the hyoid bone is fixed
Elevates hyoid bone when the mandible is fixed during swallowing

103
Q

Muscle in the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck that is attached superiorly to the mylohyoid line of the mandible and the inferior attachment is the hyoid bone

A

Mylohyoid muscle

104
Q

Innervation of the mylohyoid muscle

A

Mylohyoid nerve (branch of CN V)

105
Q

Action of the mylohyoid muscle

A

Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth and tongue during swallowing/speaking
Depresses the mandible when hyoid bone is stabilized

106
Q

Muscle of the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck that contributes to forming the floor of the oral cavity

A

Mylohyoid muscle

107
Q

Muscle of the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck that is attached superiorly to the mental spine (or genial tubercle) of the mandible and inferiorly to the body of the hyoid bone

A

Geniohyoid muscle

108
Q

Muscle just deep to the mylohyoid muscle

A

Geniohyoid muscle

109
Q

Innervation of the geniohyoid muscle

A

Fibers from C1 of the cervical plexus (branch from Ansa cervicalis)

110
Q

Action of the geniohyoid muscle

A

Depresses mandible when the hyoid bone is fixed
Elevates hyoid bone when the mandible is fixed during swallowing

111
Q

Muscle of the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck that is attached superiorly to the styloid process of the temporal bone and inferiorly to the hyoid bone

A

Stylohyoid muscle

112
Q

Innervation to the stylohyoid muscle

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

113
Q

Action of the stylohyoid muscle

A

Elevates the hyoid bone

114
Q

Only muscle of the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck that does unilateral movement

A

Stylohyoid muscle

115
Q

Other name for CN V

A

Trigeminal nerve

116
Q

Other name for the trigeminal nerve

A

CN V

117
Q

Vascular structures in the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Facial artery and vein
Submental artery and vein

118
Q

The submental artery and vein are branches of these structures

A

Facial artery and vein

119
Q

Major salivary gland in the suprahyoid region of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Submandibular gland

120
Q

The submandibular duct drains the submandibular gland by emptying into this structure

A

Into the mouth in the lower oral cavity

121
Q

Innervation to the submandibular gland

A

ANS (parasympathetic nervous system)

122
Q

All cranial nerves originate from CNS above the spinal cord except this one cranial nerve which originates from the spinal cord

A

CN XI

123
Q

Cranial nerve XI originates from this

A

Spinal cord

Anatomy (23 decks)

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