NCLEX Examination - Chapter 54 Flashcards
The neurotransmitter that primarily affects motor function and is involved in gross subconscious movements of the skeletal muscles is known as:
a) acetylcholine
b) norepinephrine
c) dopamine
d) serotonin
Dopamine
Which of the following accurately describes age-related changes of the neurological system?
a) becoming senile is an inevitable consequence of aging
b) older people lose the ability to learn new things
c) long-term memory is mire affected by aging than short-term memory
d) as neurons are lost with aging, there is deterioration in neurological function
As neurons are lost with aging, there is deterioration in neurological function
You are caring for a patient who is being evaluated for a neurological disorder. She is not able to comprehend written or spoken word. The term for this is:
a) sensory aphasia
b) expressive aphasia
c) global aphasia
d) anomia
Sensory aphasia
Your patient is going for a diagnostic test. You listen as the physician explains the procedure to the patient. The physician states that the test involves the use of differential signal characteristics of flowing blood to elevate extracranial and intracranial blood vessels. In preparing to further aswer your patient’s questions, you realize the test being described is:
a) cerebral angiography
b) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
c) computed tomography (CT) scan
d) magnetic resonance imagery (MRI) scan
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
The earliest sign of increased intracranial presssure is
a) widening of pulse pressure
b) Ipsilateral pupil dilation
c) ataxic breathing pattern
d) change in level of consciousness
Change in level of consciousness
Appropriate nursing interventions for the patient with increased intracranial pressure include which of the following (select all that apply):
a) place the neck in a neutral position
b) Keep the head of the bed elevated 10-20 degrees
c) Force fluids to 2 liters/ day unless otherwise contraindicated
d) teach the patient how to avoid the Valsalum maneuver
e) position the patient to avoid flexation of the hips, waist, and neck
f) suction only as necessary, and for no longer than 10 seconds
a) Place the neck in a neutral position
d) teach the patient howt o avoid te Valsalum maneuver
e) position the patient to avoid flexation of the hips, waist, and neck
f) suction only as necessary, and for no longer than 10 seconds
You are taking care of a patient who suddenly begins to have a siezure. The appropriate nursing response would be to:
a) run to the nearest telephone and call for help
b) pry the patient’s jaw open and place a padded tongue blade into his/her mouth
c) apply soft restraints until siezure activity ceases
d) observe and carefully record seizure activity
observe and carefully record seizure activity
You are caring for a patient with multiple sclerosis. Appropriate nursig care includes which of the following?
a) fluid restriction
b) teaching the patient to avoid cool bath water
c) teaching the patient to exercise regularly, especially during an exacerbation
d) encourage a well-balanced diet high in fiber and adequate fluids
Encourage a well-balanced diet high in fiber and adequate fluids
Your patient has been recently diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. His wife asks you numerous questions about the disease. In answering her questions, you base your answers on your knowledge that:
a) Parkinson’s disease is more common in women
b) the tremor from Parkinson’s disease is more prominent with movement
c) symptoms decrease when there is an increase in dopamine or a decrease in acetylcholine levels in the basal ganglia
d) Parkinson’s disease is a syndrome of bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and impaired postural reflexes
Parkinson’s disease is a syndrome of bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and impaired postural reflexes
The autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction characterized by fluctuating weakness of certain muscle groups is known as:
a) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
b) myasthenia gravis (MG)
c) Huntington’s disease
d) Trigeminal neuralgia
Myasthenia gravis (MG)
The level of consciousness in which the patient responds appropriately to auditory, tactile, and visual stimuli
Alert
The level of consciousness in which the patient is unable to follow simple commands. Thinking is slowed, and the patient has inattentive, flat affect
Disoriented
The level of consciousness in which the patient responds to verbal commands with moaning or groaning, if at all. The patient seems unaware of the surroundings
Stupor
The level of consciousness in which the patient is in impaired state of consciousness, characterized by obtundation and stupor, from which he/she can be aroused only by energetic stimulation
Semicomatose
The level of consciousness in which the patient is unable to respond to painful stimuli. Cornea and pupillary reflexes are absent. The patient cannot swallow or cough, and is incontinent of urine and feces. The patient’s electroencephalogram pattern demonstrates decreased or absent neuronal activity
Comatose
