NCLEX® Examination - Chapter 41 Flashcards
List by number the following items in order from least complex to most complex. Do not use commas or spaces: _______.
- Organs
- Cells
- Tissues
- Systems
- Atoms
- Molecules
5,6,2,3,4,1
The muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity is called the:
Mediastinum
Diaphragm
Pleural muscle
Intracostal muscle
Diaphragm
The diaphragm, a muscle directly beneath the lungs, separates the ventral cavity into the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities.
The largest organelle within the cell, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles is the:
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Nucleus
The nucleus is the largest organelle within the cell, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles.
The sodium-potassium pump is an example of:
A passive transport process
An active transport process
A filtration process
Osmosis
An active transport process
The sodium-potassium pump is an example of an active transport process. Certain enzymes play a role in active transport, providing a chemical “pump” to help substances move through the cell membrane.
The type of tissue that is packed closely together and that contains no blood vessels is referred to as:
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Epithelial tissue
Epithelial tissue
Epithelial tissue is the type of tissue that is packed closely together and that contains no blood vessels. It covers the outside of the body and some of the internal structures.
In anatomical terms, the term “medial” refers to the:
Front
Back
Midline
Head
midline
The body plane that runs lengthwise from the front to the back is called the:
Sagittal plane
Coronal plane
Frontal plane
Transverse plane
Sagittal plane
The sagittal plane runs lengthwise from the front to the back.
The final phase of mitosis, in which the two nuclei appear and the chromosomes disperse is called:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Telophase
Telophase is the final phase of mitosis, in which the two nuclei appear and the chromosomes disperse.
The process that permits a cell to engulf or surround any foreign material and digest it is called:
Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis
Osmosis
Filtration
Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis is the process that permits a cell to engulf or surround any foreign material and digest it.
Adipose tissue, bone, cartilage, and blood are examples of:
Muscle tissues
Connective tissues
Nervous tissues
Epithelial tissues
Connective tissues
Connective tissue “connects” joints, tissues, or structures of the body. Examples include areolar tissue, adipose tissue, fibrous connective tissue, bone, cartilage, blood, and hemopoietic tissue.
The anatomical term that refers to the distal portion of the spine is:
a) medial
b) caudal
c) proximal
d) dorsal
Dorsal
The trachea, the heart, the blood vessels, and the lungs are located in which body cavity?
a) dorsal
b) abdominopelvic
c) ventral
d) pelvic
Ventral
A relative contsant state in the body’s internal environment naturally maintained by adaptive responses that promote healthy survival is called:
a) homeostasis
b) mitosis
c) lysosomes
d) protein synthesis
Homeostasis
A process in which solid particles in a fluid moe from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration, resulting in an even distribution of the particles int he fluid, is called:
a) phagocytosis
b) pinocytosis
c) osmosis
d) diffusion
Diffusion
What type of tissue is composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain/spinal cord?
a) epithelial
b) connective
c) membrane
d) muscle
Muscle
