Chapter 54: Care of Patient with Neurologic Disorder (Christensen) -G

Question 1

Name two structural divisions of the Nervous system.

Answer 1

CNS and PNS

Question 2

The CNS is composed of 2 structures. What are these?

Answer 2

The brain and the spinal cord.

Question 3

PNS is composed of nerve cells lying outside CNS and has two functional divisions. What are these divisions?

Answer 3

Autonomic and Somatic

Question 4

This structural division of the Nervous System interprets incoming information and issues instruction based on past experiences

Answer 4

CNS

Question 5

This functional division of Peripheral Nervous System sends messages to the skeletal muscles (voluntary muscles). What is this?

Answer 5

Somatic Nervous System

Question 6

Autonomic Nervous System is also called this due to its uncontrollable action.

Answer 6

Involuntary Nervous System

Question 7

This structure is the functional unit of the nervous system.

Answer 7

Neurons

Question 8

This structure is composed of axon, cell body and dendrites

Answer 8

Neurons

Question 9

This part of neuron conducts impulses away form the neuron cell body.

axon
cell body
dendrites

Answer 9

axon

Question 10

This part of neuron branches from the cell body and receives impulses.

Answer 10

dendrites

Question 11

This largest part of the brain is divided into left and right hemisphere.

Answer 11

Cerebrum

Question 12

This structure bridges the left and right hemisphere

gyri
cortex
corpus callosum

Answer 12

corpus callosum

Question 13

Name 4 Cerebral Lobes

Answer 13

Frontal, Temporal, Parietal, Occipital

Question 14

This lobe interprets vision!

Answer 14

Occipital

Question 15

This lobe interprets hearing, smelling, and speech comprehension!

Answer 15

Temporal

Question 16

This lobe has two areas for speech (motor and written).

Answer 16

Frontal

Question 17

This lobe has conscious skeletal movement and judgment formation.

Answer 17

Frontal

Question 18

This lobe interprets sensory impulses from the skin and can also determine distance, size and shape.

Answer 18

Parietal

Question 19

Cerebrum’s outer portion is composed of gray matter called this.

Sulci
Gyri
Cerebral Cortex

Answer 19

Cerebral Cortex

Question 20

Injury to Broca’s Area can cause EXPRESSIVE APHASIA which causes inability to speak. Broca’s area is found in this lobe of the cerebrum.

Answer 20

Frontal

Question 21

Injury to Wernicke’s Area can cause RECEPTIVE APHASIA, in which a person hears a sound but unable to interpret its meaning (ie listening to a foreign language). Wernicke’s are is found in this lobe of the cerebrum.

Answer 21

Temporal

Question 22

This structure is located at the base of the brain and contains the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. This structure’s main function is to carry all nerve fibers between the spinal cord and the cerebrum.

Cerebellum
Basal Ganglia
Brainstem

Answer 22

Brainstem

Question 23

This second largest structure of the brain lies posterior and inferior to the cerebrum. Voluntary movement coordination and balance, equilibrium, muscle tone maintenance are its main responsibility. What is it?

Interneuron
Cerebellum
Cerebrum

Answer 23

Cerebellum

Question 24

This structure conducts impulses from and to the brain AND serves as a center for reflex action. In addition, this structure can be 17 to 18 inch long that extends from the brainstem all the way down to 2nd lumbar vertebra. Wicked loongg!!

Basal Ganglia
Midbrain
Spinal Cord

Answer 24

Spinal Cord

Question 25

The PNS is composed of how many cranial nerves?

Answer 25

12 pairs or 24

Question 26

The PNS is composed of how many spinal nerves

Answer 26

31 pairs or 62

Question 27

To maintain homeostasis, the autonomic nervous system has two divisions. These divisions work antagonistic of one another. Ever heard of fight or flight? Yeah, that's right...

Answer 27

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 28

True or False | As neurons are lost with aging, neurologic function deteriorates, resulting in slowed reflex and reaction time.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

True or False | The incidence of stroke does NOT increase with age.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

True or False Cigarette smoking has been found to decrease the incidence nervous system damage due to certain chemicals that keeps the neurons firing.

Answer 30

False. It has been proven that smoking cigarettes causes lung cancer, which in some cases, metastasizes to the brain causing far more damage.

Question 31

True or False | Trauma or spinal cord injury and head injury occur frequently on young people.

Answer 31

True. Patient teaching on voiding such injuries should include avoidance of drug and alcohol use, safe use of motor vehicle (helmets, seatbelts), safe swimming practices, safe handling and storage of firearms, use of hard hats in dangerous construction areas, and use of protective gear as needed for sports.