NAV - Oral Resit

Question 1

What requirement is there for airborne monitoring with RNP-RNAV?

Answer 1

None…

…because accuracy is ensured operationally.

This allows for approaches to be accurate within +/- 0.3nm within Terminal Areas

Question 2

What is Area Navigation (RNAV)?

Answer 2

A method of navigation…

• Within coverage of any desired flight path within the coverage of station-referenced nav aids
• Within the limits of of self-contained navaids

Or a combination of both

Question 3

What is P-RNAV? (4)

Answer 3

P-RNAV - Precision RNAV

• Allows for en-route and/or TMA operations that are standardised EU wide, ensuring consistent levels of flight safety
• Aircraft equipped and certified with a PRNAV system (+/-1NM accurate track) may operate on P-RNAV SIDs/STARs
• P-RNAV is specific to Europe only

Question 4

What is B-RNAV? (3)

Answer 4

B-RNAV - Basic Area Navigation

Accuracy of:

• +/- 5nm for 95+% of flight time
• All IFR Aircraft must be B-NAV compliant

Question 5

What are the accuracies required for RNP generically? (5)

Answer 5

• 0.3 nm
• 1 nm
• 2 nm
• 4 nm

of 95+% of flight time (TSE)

Question 6

What are the accuracies of the different RNP types?

Answer 6

RNP-RNAV
- Allows for approaches to +/- 0.3nm accuracy.
- This can be used in Terminal areas.

RNP APCH
- +/- 1.0nm - Initial, intermediate, missed segments
- 0.3nm - Final segment

RNP (AR) APCH
- TSE lower than standard RNP values during any segment of approach procedure, down to 0.10nm
- Requires crew training in the same way as ILS Cat II/III procedures

Question 7

What is RNP? (7)

Answer 7

RNP - Required Navigation Performance

• Is “a statement of the navigation performance necessary for operation within a defined airspace”
• Part of PBN
• Enables implementation of new routes and flight paths
• Have an associated performance specification that an aircraft must meet
• System must monitor the achieved performance and provide an alert in the event that this fails to meet the specification
• Previously based on INS, now GNSS

Question 8

What are the accuracies of all RNAV / RNP systems?

Answer 8

B-RNAV
+/- 5nm for 95+% of flight time
P-RNAV
+/- 1nm for 95+% of flight time

RNP in different phases
0.3,1,2,4 for 95+% of flight time

RNP-RNAV
+/- 0.3nm for 95+% of flight time

RNP APCH
+/- 1.0nm for Initial, intermediate, missed segments
+/- 0.3nm for Final segment

RNP (AR) APCH
0.10nm for APP segments
- TSE lower than std RNP levels (greater accuracy)
- Crew to be trained to Cat II/III standard

Question 9

What types of Satellite corrections are there? (3)

Answer 9

ABAS - Airborne Based Augmentation Systsem
- RAIM - Maintains integrity of signals

GBAS - Ground Based Augmentation System
- Differential GPS > ground units correcting satellites

SBAS - Satellite Based Augmentation System
- WAAS & EGNOS > Satellite to Satellite corrections