Nature And Variety Of Life Flashcards
How do we remember the characteristics of a living organism ?
• MRS H GREN
What is Movement ?
This is the ability to change location position
What is Reproduction ?
This is how many individuals are made (offspring)
What is sensitivity ?
this is the ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment (stimuli)
What is homoeostasis ?
This is the ability to control internal conditions
What is growth ?
This is the increase in mass or volume of an organism
What is respiration ?
This is how organisms release energy from their food
What is excretion ?
This is how organisms with themselves of waste produced by Chemical reactions in cells
What is nutrition ?
This is when organisms require the materials they need to carry out all of the living processes
What are organisms called when they can exist as one cell ?
Unicellular
What is an organism ?
And entire living thing that can carry out life processes
What are organ system is made up of ?
Several different organs working together to carry out a function
What are organs made up of ?
Several different tissues working together to carry out a function
What are tissues made up of ?
They are a group of similar cells with the same function
What are cells made up of ?
A number of organelles, which are structures that carry out a specific Process the cell needs to survive
Order of size in an organism
- organism
- organ system
- organ
- tissue
- cell
- organelle
What is the function of the nucleus ?
- Contains chromosomes which carry The genetic material.
* Controls the activities of the cell (by controlling which proteins are made).
What is the function of cytoplasm ?
Where the chemical reactions take place
What is the function of the cell surface membrane ?
Controls what enters and leaves the cell-it is selectively permeable
What is the function of the chloroplast ?
- absorbs light energy which is used to make glucose in the process of photosynthesis
- this glucose is food for the plant
What is the function of the vacuole ?
Membrane filled with watery liquid called cell sap, which stores dissolved sugars, mineral ions and other solutes .
What is the function of the cell wall ?
- Good structure and rigidity to the plant cell, helping it keep its shape.
- made of cellulose
What is a specialised cell ?
When a cell adapts to perform a specific function
Are plants multicellular or unicellular ?
Multicellular
Are plants autotrophic or heterotrophic ?
Autotrophic because they carry out photosynthesis to make their own nutrients
What are the cell walls made of in a plant ?
Cellulose
How do plants store carbohydrates ?
As starch or sucrose
Are animals multicellular or unicellular organism ?
Multicellular
Are animals autotrophic or heterotrophic ?
Heterotropic because they consume other organisms to obtain nutrients
Do you animals have cell walls ?
No
How do animals store carbohydrates ?
As glycogen
Are protoctist multicellular or unicellular ?
Unicellular
What organelles do protoctist have ?
They have cell membranes, cytoplasm and a nucleus
Are protoctist autotrophic or heterotrophic ?
So are heterotrophic but some are autotrophic
Give a example of a protoctist
Plasmodium causes malaria
Are Fungi multicellular or unicellular ?
They can be both
Are fungi able to photosynthesise ?
No, as they do not contain chloroplasts
Are fungi autotrophic or heterotrophic ?
Heterotrophic = saprotrophic nutrition, they feed by extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and absorption of the organic product
Do fungi have cell walls ?
Yes, made of chitin
How do you fungi store carbohydrates ?
They may store carbohydrates as glycogen
What are fungi made up of ?
hyphae, which make up mycelium
Can fungi be pathogenic ?
Yes
Is a virus a cell ?
No
What are virus made up of ?
Genetic material is surrounded by a protein coat
How do viruses reproduce ?
They can only reproduce inside a living cell
What are some viruses surrounded by ?
A membrane called an envelope
Examples of viruses
HIV and AIDS
Are bacteria multicellular or unicellular ?
Unicellular
What is bacteria made up of ?
A cell wall, cell membrane and cytoplasm
What is bacterias cell wall made up of ?
Polysaccharides and proteins
Do you bacteria contain a nucleus ?
No, but contains DNA
Are bacteria autotrophic or heterotrophic ?
Sharma autotrophic, but most to heterotrophic
What are pathogens ?
An organism which causes harm
