Hormones And Homeostasis

Question 1

What are hormones ?

Answer 1

Secretion that moves in the bloodstream with an affect on a target organ

Question 2

What is homeostasis ?

Answer 2

Is the maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 3

Where is insulin secreted from and what is its function ?

Answer 3

Pancreas, causes liver and muscles to take up the glucose and convert it into glycogen

Question 4

Where is ADH secreted from and what is its function ?

Answer 4

Pituritary gland, Controls amount of water lost in the urine

Question 5

Where is oestrogen secreted from and what is its function ?

Answer 5

Ovaries, stimulates uterus lining to develop and the growth of secondary female characteristics

Question 6

Where is progesterone secreted from and what is its function ?

Answer 6

Ovaries, to maintain uterus lining

Question 7

Where is testosterone secreted from and what is its function ?

Answer 7

Testes, and it stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics

Question 8

Where is adrenaline secreted from and what is its function ?

Answer 8

Adrenal gland, increases heart and breathing rate for fight or flight

Question 9

What is insulin?

Answer 9

The hormone that allows your body to use sugar from carbohydrates or store glucose for future uses

Question 10

What does insulin help do ?

Answer 10

Stop your blood sugar levels from getting too high or too low

Question 11

What is insulins target organ?

Answer 11

The liver

Question 12

When insulin reaches the liver what does it cause the liver to do ?

Answer 12

Absorb glucose and convert it into packages of glycogen. This glycogen fills up the liver

Question 13

What is released from the pancreas if the blood sugar levels are too low?

Answer 13

Glucagon

Question 14

What does glucagon do ?

Answer 14

Breaks down glycogen into glucose in the liver, so then the glucose can diffuse into the blood raising the blood levels again

Question 15

What is the hormone and homeostasis system called ?

Answer 15

Endocrine

Question 16

Comparison of endocrine and nervous system

Answer 16

Endocrine is

• slow
• chemical
• via the blood
• controls long term processes such as growth and reproduction

Nervous is

• fast
• electrical impulse
• along neurones
• used for fast response

Question 17

What region of the brain monitors the temperature of the blood?

Answer 17

Hypothalamus

Question 18

What are the three main ways of maintaining correct body temperature ?

Answer 18

• sweating : as water evaporates it removes heat energy
• shivering : more heat released due to increased respiration by muscles
• vasodilation and vasoconstriction : controlling heat loss by controlling the amount of blood which flows near the surface of the skin

Question 19

What happens if the body is too cold?

Answer 19

Not enough enzyme collision

Question 20

What happens if the body is too hot?

Answer 20

Enzymes become denatured

Question 21

What is negative feedback ?

Answer 21

The feedback about something that isn’t good and needs to be changed e.g. temperature

Question 22

What does the body use to keep a constant environment ?

Answer 22

Negative feedback

Question 23

Processes that occur to cool down the body

Answer 23

• the sweat gland releases sweat onto the skin surface, when the sweat evaporates it takes with it heat energy
• The arteries near your skin vasodilate as the sphinka muscle relaxes , so that more blood can be near the surface of the skin, therefore the surroundings can cool the blood
• the animal finds somewhere cool
• the animal takes off clothes

Question 24

Processes that occur to warm up the body ?

Answer 24

• your arrector pilli muscle contracts lifting the hair up which traps air for insulation
• The body shivers so that respiration happens more, increasing the heat energy produced
• The sphinka muscle contracts (vasoconstriction) meaning he cannoyt be lost through the blood near the skin, so this decreases blood supply.
• the animal finds somewhere warm
• the animal puts on clothes and drink warm beverages

Question 25

What is diabetes?

Answer 25

A person with high blood glucose levels

Question 26

Symptoms of diabetes

Answer 26

• loosing weight
• drinking a lot of water
• bad attitude
• going to the toilet a lot

Question 27

Methods of control of diabetes

Answer 27

• insulin pump

* insulin injection

Question 28

Long-term affects of diabetes if not monitored

Answer 28

• blindness
• heart problems
• dying early