nature and nurture of psychopathology Flashcards

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1
Q

name and define the two approaches to PP.

A

clinical diagnostic approach - PP are considered to be discrete categories defined on the basis criteria proposed by experts.
empirical quantitative approach - PP symptoms are assessed on a continuous scale, with disorders being the extreme end.

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2
Q

before the age of 25, what is the onset percentage of PP.

A

75%.

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3
Q

name the two common study designs for studying nature and nurture of PP.

A
  • twin design

- adoption design

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4
Q

identify the components of phenotypic variation.

A

heritabilityA - influences genetic factors
shared envC - env influences that contribute to similarities
non-shared envE - env influences that contributes to differences.

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5
Q

name the model to show contributions to disorders.

A

ACE model.

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6
Q

identify sub-types of anti-social behaviour.

A
  • groups with callous-unemotional (CU) traits

- groups without CU.

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7
Q

which type of anti-social behaviour was found to be more heritable?

A
  • groups with CU.
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8
Q

give an example of comorbidity.

A

50-65% of panic disorder (anxiety) patients have depression.

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9
Q

what studies are being conducted to research specific gene variants.

A

genome-wide association studies.

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10
Q

define what is meant by polygenic traits.

A

PP is influenced by more than one genetic variant (polygenic).

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