nature and nurture of psychopathology Flashcards
name and define the two approaches to PP.
clinical diagnostic approach - PP are considered to be discrete categories defined on the basis criteria proposed by experts.
empirical quantitative approach - PP symptoms are assessed on a continuous scale, with disorders being the extreme end.
before the age of 25, what is the onset percentage of PP.
75%.
name the two common study designs for studying nature and nurture of PP.
- twin design
- adoption design
identify the components of phenotypic variation.
heritabilityA - influences genetic factors
shared envC - env influences that contribute to similarities
non-shared envE - env influences that contributes to differences.
name the model to show contributions to disorders.
ACE model.
identify sub-types of anti-social behaviour.
- groups with callous-unemotional (CU) traits
- groups without CU.
which type of anti-social behaviour was found to be more heritable?
- groups with CU.
give an example of comorbidity.
50-65% of panic disorder (anxiety) patients have depression.
what studies are being conducted to research specific gene variants.
genome-wide association studies.
define what is meant by polygenic traits.
PP is influenced by more than one genetic variant (polygenic).