gene-env interplay Flashcards
state measures of the env that are important for child dev are genetic influences.
- family env
- parental discipline and warmth
- peer relationships
- controllable life events
define nature via nurture.
the env is not independent of the person. humans select, modify and create envs in line with their genetic propensities.
define gene-env correlation.
when inds with a genetic propensity for a trait are in envs, choose or create the envs , that support expression of the trait.
state and define the three types of rGE.
passive - parental genes influence parental behaviours that play a role in determining the kind of rearing env that they provide.
evocative -child genes influence child behs that play a role in evoking different types of responses in other people.
active - child genes influence child behs that play a rolein determining how children shape and elect their envs.
give an example of a passive GE correlation.
parents of high IQ provide genes and enriched rearing envs.
give an example of evocative GE correlation.
children with genetic risk for behavioural problems evoke a negative type of parenting or negative reaction from peers.
give an example of active GE correlation.
athletic individuals seek out athletic activities.
what percentage of variance in adolescence exposure to friends who drink ad smoke can be explained by genetic factors?
64%.
explain rGE across dev.
- relative importance of the three kinds of gene-env effects changes with dev.
- influence of passive rGE declines from infancy to adolescence.
- active rGE increases over the same period
- influence of genetic factors increases with dev, as inds select their own experiences.
define the GE interaction.
genetically influenced sensitivity to specific env, specific envs and genetic susceptibilities to these envs predict a trait.
epigenetics determines…
how much of the proteins is made, and where and when it is synthesised.
give an example of how social interactions influence our epigenetics.
- high-nurturing mothers (rats) raise low anxious offspring, low-nurturing mothers raise high anxious offspring.
- the nurturing beh of a mother rat during the first few weeks of life shape her pups epigenomes, this tends to stay put even after the pups become adults.
