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Grade 6 > Natrial Science Term 3 Circutz > Flashcards

Natrial Science Term 3 Circutz Flashcards

1
Q

In which direction does current flow

A

Current flows from positive to negative

This is the conventional direction of current flow.

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2
Q

What is a complete circuit

A

A complete circuit is formed when wires connect the various components of a circuit without any gaps

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3
Q

What does LED stand for?

A

Light emitting diode

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4
Q

What is a gap in the circuit called

A

Break in the circuit

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5
Q

Name seven components of a circuit

A

Battery, wire, lamp, buzzer, motor, switch, LED

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6
Q

What is the symbol of a cell

A
  • |I-
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7
Q

What happens when a swich is turned off

A

It breaks the circuit and electricity can’t flow through

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8
Q

What is an ammeter

A

It measures current
In amps

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9
Q

How many cells are in a battery

A

At least 2

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10
Q

What is current

A

The flow of electrical energy

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11
Q

How is current measured

A

Using an ammeter

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12
Q

What is current measured in

A

Amps

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13
Q

In how many places is a ammeter connected to the circuit

A

1

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14
Q

What is voltage

A

The pressure from the power source to push the current around the circuit

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15
Q

What is voltage measured with

A

A voltmeter

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16
Q

What is voltage measured in

A

Volts

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17
Q

In how many places is a voltmeter connected to the circuit

A

2

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18
Q

What is voltage known as

A

Electrical potential difference

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19
Q

What is a simple circuit

A

A compleat path that electrical current can travel through

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20
Q

What is a series circuit

A

An electrical path that is arranged in a series

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21
Q

What is a parallel circuit

A

A closed circuit that has more than one path

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22
Q

What are the parts of a light bulb
Name 5

A

Glass, gas, lead, filament, base.

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23
Q

What does a cell/ battery do

A

Provides electrical energy

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24
Q

What does a power supply do

A

It is alternative to using cells

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25
Q

What does wire do

A

Allows current to travel

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26
Q

What does a bulb/ light/ lamp do

A

Converts electrical energy into heat and light

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27
Q

What does a motor do

A

Converts electrical energy into movement energy

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28
Q

What does a buzzer do

A

Converts electrical energy into sound energy

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29
Q

What does a switch do

A

Allows circuits to be opened or closed

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30
Q

Name 3 components of a series circuit

A
  1. Only one pathway for current to follow
  2. Light bulbs connected in a row
  3. If one light bulb breaks no other light bulbs will work 💡
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31
Q

Name 3 components of a parallel circuit

A
  1. More than one pathway for current to follow.
  2. Lightbulbs are connected below each other
  3. If one light bulb breaks the other light will still work
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32
Q

If a lightbulb is missing or broken in a parallel circuit will the other bulb light? explain.

A

Yes, there is still a pass for the current to travel through

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33
Q

If a lightbulb is missing or broken in a series circuit, will the other bulb light? explain.

A

No, there is a break in the circuit

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34
Q

In a circuit, what is the flow of electrical energy called

A

Current

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35
Q

Electrons flow in One Direction in a circus and current flows in the opposite electrons flow from? And current flows from?

A

Electrons: negative to positive

Current: positive to negative

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36
Q

What do we call it when a light bulb is lit

A

A fixed or complete circuit

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37
Q

What do we call it win a lightbulb is unable to light up and there is a gap in the circuit

A

A open or incomplete circuit

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38
Q

What is a gap in the circuit called?

A

Break in the circuit

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39
Q

What is a component called that we used to create a gap in the circuit?

A

A Switch

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40
Q

The power source in a circuit is called a what

A

Battery?

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41
Q

What is the battery made of?

A

Two or more cells

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42
Q

You have these parts does a circuit need to work properly
A. Battery. B. Bulb. C. Paper clip

A

A

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43
Q

What do batteries do in a circuit?

A

They provide electrical energy

44
Q

What is a battery?

A

2 or more cells that are connected

45
Q

When is switch is in the on position that means that . . .

A

Electricity can flow through the swich

46
Q

Name 10 insulators

A

Paper, fabric, glass, wood, leather, rubber, ceramic, cardboard, plastic and chalk.

47
Q

Name a conductor

A

Metal

48
Q

Name 4 metals that are conductors and list their property’s

A

Copper: common material used for wiring
Silver: best conductors. Very expensive, so rarely used for wiring.
Gold: does not rust, is expensive and is only used used when high quality contacts are needed
Aluminium: not very good conductor but is used where weight is a consideration. It is not as heavy as copper.v

49
Q

What is the purpose of an insulator

A

To prevent electricity from traveling down the wrong paths / to keep the electricity from traveling to the wrong spots

50
Q

Why don’t birds get shocked when they sit on power lines

A

The bird isn’t sitting and touching the ground
The wires could be insulated with plastic

51
Q

What is in a battery

A

Chemical energy

52
Q

What is the main resource of electrical energy in South Africa

A

Coal

53
Q

Name the process in which fossil fuels are made

A
  1. Millions of years ago in a low lying wetland areas, huge ferns and forests grew. They absorbed energy from the sun.
  2. Over time these plants died and formed in to layers of rotting materials. Over time pressure from above packed these layers together to form peat
  3. When sand and water collected on these layers, they were pressed together even more tightly and this made a soft brown layer called lignite
  4. As more sand and mud piled on top more pressure occurred the heat inside the earth helped to slowly turn the lignite in the earth crust into black coal
54
Q

Explain the process of coal being transformed into electricity.

A
  1. Coal is transported from a storage area to the boiler
  2. Coal burns and heats water in boiler.
  3. Hot water turned into steam.
  4. Steam is used to turn a turbine. A Turbine is like a huge wheel with blades.
  5. The moving turbine of the generator produces electricity. A generator is a machine that changes the energy of the moving turbine into electrical energy.
  6. The electricity travels along power the power lines over long distances
  7. The electricity carried by the power lines has a lot of energy and it is dangerous. Transformers at sub- stations reduce the amount of energy carried by electricity before it enters our homes.
  8. People use electricity when they switch on lights or use electrical appliances.
    6.
55
Q

What does infrastructure mean

A

The structures and other things that are needed to make sure something works properly.

56
Q

Name a few infrastructures needed to produce electricity.

A

Coal mine, transport, a coal-burning power station, substations, pylons and power cables, transformers.

57
Q

What does each electrical appliance need

A

A wattage rating

58
Q

What is wattage

A

The amount of electrical power an appliance requires to work.

59
Q

What is power measured in?

A

Units called watts ( W )

60
Q

What does electrical usage depend on.

A

How long the electrical appliance is used for.

61
Q

What is the main resource used to generate electricity in South Africa

A

Coal

62
Q

Which appliances use the most electricity

A

Heating

63
Q

How much electricity does an iron approximately use

A

Approximately 1000 watts an hour

64
Q

How much coal and water does Eskom use for 1 unit of electricity

A

A little more than half a Kilogram of coal
🌊: nearly 1 and a half Liters of water

65
Q

What how much waste does it create to make 1 unit of electricity

A

155g of ash
1kg carbon dioxide

66
Q

What can the ash and carbon dioxide cause

A

illness such as bronchitis and asthma

67
Q

What does renewable mean

A

That it can can be reused

68
Q

What chemical is used to make nuclear energy

A

Uranium

69
Q

Name a few types of renewable energy

A

Solar, wind, hydropower, biomass and geothermal

70
Q

What do solar panels contain

A

Photovoltaic cells

71
Q

What do photovoltaic cells do

A

Convert cells into electrical energy

72
Q

What do photovoltaic cells do

A

Convert cells into electrical energy

73
Q

Name a few non renewable energy’s

A

Fossil fuel oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear

74
Q

Name 2 types of illegal connections

A
  1. Running your own cables from the homes of other people to power your house
  2. People connect wires to the electricity poles to steal electricity because they don’t want to pay for it.
75
Q

Are illegal connections safe and allowed

A

No, they are both unsafe and against the law,

76
Q

Where does renewable energy come from

A

Natural resources and are naturally replenished. Examples of these are: wind and waves

77
Q

Where does solar energy come from

A

The sun

78
Q

What can the sun be used for

A

Heat energy

79
Q

What are solar panels used for

A

Converting sunlight into electrical energy

80
Q

What are wind turbines used for

A

Converting wind energy into electricity

81
Q

How does a wind turbine convert wind energy into electricity

A

The wind blows the blades around and this movement is converted into electricity

82
Q

What is a group of wind turbines called

A

A wind farm

83
Q

What is hydropower

A

The energy that comes from flowing water

84
Q

How do hydropower plants work

A

Water that flows down a fast flowing river is used to the spin turbines that generate electricity

85
Q

Apart from fast flowing rivers how can you generate electricity whit water

A

The movement of big waves at sea can also be used to generate electricity

86
Q

What is geothermal energy

A

The energy generated and stored in the earth

87
Q

Why don’t we use renewable energy all the time

A
  1. Renewable energy such as wind or sunshine can’t be stored to be used when we need it
  2. If the wind doesn’t blow, or if it isn’t very sunny, then there may not be enough power for everyone
  3. Non renewable resources such as oil or coal can be stored and used when they are needed
  4. Non renewable energy is usually cheaper than renewable energy, which means not everyone can afford to use renewable energy
88
Q

Is it always warm underground

A

Yes, even if it is cold on the surface

89
Q

What do we use the heat from underground to do

A

Heat our houses

90
Q

What shows us how hot it is underground

A

The lava from volcanos

91
Q

What is biomass and. How can it be obtained

A

Biomass means natural material. Energy can be obtained by natural waste materials such as scrap pieces of wood, dead trees and unused parts of crops.

92
Q

What does a cow give that you can burn for energy

A

Gas 🐄💨

93
Q

How do we get energy produced by coal

A

Coal is mined from under ground and burned in large power stations to produce electricity

94
Q

Can the coal that we use be replaced

A

No, the coal that we use cannot be replaced so one day we will have no coal left

95
Q

Is burning coal bad for the environment? Why

A

Yes, lots of carbon dioxide gets released into the atmosphere

96
Q

Where is oil found and how do we get it to surface

A

Deep under the surface
People then pump it to the surface for us to use

97
Q

What is oil used for

A

It is burned for electricity
It can also be used as fuel for our cars

98
Q

Can we replenish oil

A

No
If we keep using the oil eventually there will be no more oil left

99
Q

What do nuclear power stations use as fuel to make electricity

A

Uranium

100
Q

Is Uranium renewable. Explain your answer

A

No, it is a natural resource taken from the ground so it is now renewable

101
Q

Is nuclear power a clean way of generating electricity

A

Yes, it doesn’t produce much waste

102
Q

Where do we find natural gas

A

Deep underground

103
Q

What do we do with the natural gas we find deep underground

A

We pump it into our homes

104
Q

What do we use natural gas for

A

Cooking
We burn it in a boiler to heat our water

105
Q

Will the natural gas we pumped from underground run out

A

Yes,
It is a non renewable resource

Grade 6 (7 decks)

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