NASM CPT Chapter 4

Question 1

Metabolism:

Answer 1

All of the chemical reactions that occur in the body to maintain itself. Metabolism is the process in which nutrients are acquired, transported, used, and disposed of by the body.

Question 2

Bioenergetics:

Answer 2

The study of energy in the human body.

Question 3

Substrates:

Answer 3

Macros! The material or substance on which an enzyme acts.

Question 4

We eat chemical energy (carbs, fats, others) to make ______.

Answer 4

ATP.

Question 5

ATP is the body’s _______ currency.

Answer 5

Energy currency.

Question 6

From the production of ATP we create chemical waste (carbon dioxide, water) and ________.

Answer 6

Heat.

Question 7

Fat can be stored where?

Answer 7

Anywhere.

Question 8

Carbohydrates:

Answer 8

Organic compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which include starches, cellulose, and sugars, and are an important source of energy. All carbs are eventually broken down in the body to glucose, a simple sugar. Main source of fuel in exercise.

Question 9

Where can carbs be stored?

Answer 9

In the liver & muscle cells.

Question 10

***One of the benefits of fat as a fuel source is that most people have an __________ supply of fat, which can be broken down into ___________ and used for energy during prolonged physical activity or exercise.

Answer 10

Inexhaustible.
&
Triglycerides.

Question 11

Exercise metabolism:

Answer 11

The examination of bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and demands placed on the body during exercise.

Question 12

Glucose:

Answer 12

A simple sugar manufactured by the body from carbohydrates, fat, and to a lesser extent protein, which serves as the body’s main source of fuel.

Question 13

Glycogen:

Answer 13

Stored form of glucose.

Question 14

Fat:

Answer 14

Energy stores. Help body absorb vitamins and keep skin healthy. Two types are saturated and unsaturated.

Question 15

Triglycerides:

Answer 15

The chemical or substrate form in which most fat exists in food as well as in the body.

Question 16

Glucononeogenesis:

Answer 16

The formation of glucose from non-carb sources, such as amino acids. Can turn aminos into glucose.

Question 17

Adenosine Diphosphate:

Answer 17

A high energy compound occurring in all cells from which ATP is formed.

Question 18

**ATP-PC System lasts for how long and what type of exercise does it get utilized?

Answer 18

Short term: 10-15 seconds. High intensity, short duration bouts of exercise, power & strength training where heavy loads with few reps used, or during sprinting events. 1 ATP at a time, really intense.

Question 19

Which energy systems use glucose/glycogen (carbs) as a fuel source?

Answer 19

ATP-PC system and the Glycolysis system.

Question 20

Which energy system can utilize fat as a fuel source?

Answer 20

The Oxidative System.

Question 21

Glycolysis system lasts for how long and what type of exercise does it get utilized?

Answer 21

30-50 seconds. Most fitness workouts, as a typical rep range is 8-12 and falls within this time. 30 ATP aerobic, 2 ATP anaerobic.

Question 22

Oxidative System lasts for how long and what type of exercise does it get utilized?

Answer 22

Activities over 3-4 minutes. Soccer player uses. (A lot of ATP, takes a while).

Question 23

How often are all 3 energy systems active?

Answer 23

All 3 are always active, it’s a matter of which one is providing the most ATP.

Question 24

Excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC):

Answer 24

The state in which the body’s metabolism is elevated after exercise. Meaning: you are going to consume oxygen even after exercise for cell/body recovery.

Question 25

How does high intensity exercise affect respiratory quotient?
How does rest affect RQ?

Answer 25

When you do high intensity exercise, 100% of energy comes from carbs.
Lower intensity or rest will fall into RQ .7-.8 & utilize more fat fuel.

Question 26

When does the aerobic system start?

Answer 26

2 minutes or more. Oxidative aerobic.