Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Lateral Wall of the Nasal Cavity

Answer 5

Question 6

Function of Turbinates

Answer 6

Guide airflow
Heat air
Humidify air

Question 7

Notable Contents/Openings of Meatuses?

Answer 7

Superior Meatus: Ostia for posterior ethmoidal air cells

Middle Meatus

• Frontonasal duct
• Ethmoidal bulla
• Hiatus semilunaris
• Ostia for anterior/middle ethmoidal air cells
• Ostium for maxillary sinus

Inferior Meatus: Opening for nasolacrimal duct

Question 8

Communication between medial canthus of the eye and inferior meatus of ipsilateral nasal cavity?

Answer 8

Nasolacrimal Duct

Question 9

Role and Contents of Ethmoid Bone?

Answer 9

Contributes to the nasal septum and lateral walls of nasal cavity

Contains air cells- Anterior, Middle, Posterior

Superior & Middle conchae

Cribriform plate: holes allowing neurons through

Forms part of medial orbital surface

Question 10

• Anterior air cells- Drain into _____________
• Middle air cells- Drain into ___________
• Posterior air cells- Drain into __________

Answer 10

• Anterior air cells- Drain into the hiatus semilunar (Middle Meatus)
• Middle air cells- Drain through ethmoidal bulla (Middle Meatus)
• Posterior air cells Drain to the superior meatus

Question 11

Clinical Relevance of Ehtmoid Bone?

Answer 11

Fracture of Cribriform Plate:

• Occurs following head trauma
• Fractured bone can cut through the dura of miningis
• CSF Rhinorrhoea may be a clinical sign + Anosmia

Medial Orbital Blowout Fracture: Fracture of lamina papyracea following head trauma

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Roel of Eustachian Tube?

Answer 13

Connects nasopharynx to middle ear

Swallowing/yawning opens eustachian tube and equalizes pressure across tympanic membrane

Middle ear infections (otitis media) can be caused by chronic paranasal sinusitis

Question 14

Lymphoid tissue aggregations surrounding oro/nasopharynx?

Answer 14

Waldeyer’s Ring

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

What are these?

Answer 16

Paranasal Sinuses

Air-filled cavities in bones surrounding nasal cavity

Humidify inhaled air

Immune functionality. Produce mucous + cilia moves it through ducts into the nasal cavity

Function as crumple zone for facial trauma (protecting brain)

Increases resonance of voice

Question 17

Answer 17

Nasal cavity: amber

Maxillary sinus: green

Ethmoidal cells: yellow

Frontal sinus: pink

Sphenoidal sinus: dark purple

Mastoid cells: cyan

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

_________ artery is a branch of the internal carotid, right before the internal carotid artery forms arterial circle of Willis.

Answer 19

Opthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid, right before the internal carotid artery forms arterial circle of Willis.

Question 20

What nerve innervates the Nasal Cavity?

Answer 20

Trigeminal nerve (CNV)

Branches:

Olfactory

Maxillary

Opthalmic