Autonomic Nervous System and Nerves of Thorax

Question 1

_____________ receive axons of sensory (________) neurones

Answer 1

Dorsal horns** receive axons of sensory (**afferent) neurones

Question 2

_________ send out the axons of motor(____) neurons

Answer 2

Ventral horns –send out the axons of motor(_efferent_) neurons

Question 3

A mass of nerve cell bodies (plus dendrites/synapses) associated with nerves of PNS

Answer 3

Ganglia

Question 4

dorsal root ganglia (spinal ganglia) = cell bodies of ___________

Answer 4

dorsal root ganglia (spinal ganglia) = cell bodies of sensory neurons

Question 5

Autonomic ganglia = cell bodies of ___________

Answer 5

Autonomic ganglia = cell bodies of autonomic neurons

Question 6

_____________ nerves innervate skeletal (voluntary) muscles

Answer 6

Somatic: innervate skeletal (voluntary) muscles

Question 7

___________ : innervate smooth and cardiac (involuntary) muscles and glands

Answer 7

Visceral (autonomic): innervate smooth and cardiac (involuntary) muscles and glands

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

___________roots contain mainly sensory (afferent) neurones (plus ganglion)

Answer 9

Dorsal (posterior) roots contain mainly sensory (afferent) neurones (plus ganglion)

Question 10

_____________roots contain mainly motor(efferent) neurones

Answer 10

Ventral (anterior) roots contain mainly motor(efferent) neurones

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

____________ pre-ganglia are SHORT with LONG post-ganglionic

Answer 13

Sympathetic pre-ganglia are SHORT with LONG post-ganglionic

Question 14

____________ pre-ganglia are LONG with SHORT post-ganglionic originating from ganglia ___________

Answer 14

Parasympathetic** pre-ganglia are LONG with SHORT post-ganglionic originating from ganglia **near/on target tissue

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Sympathetic Division formed by neurons from ______________ (__________ outflow)

Answer 17

Structure of Sympathetic Division formed by neurons from spinal nerves T1 to L2 (thoracolumbar outflow)

Question 18

Sympathetic neuron cell bodies located in _________ and leaves via ____________

Answer 18

Sympathetic neuron cell bodies located in lateral horn; leaves via ventral root

Question 19

Pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons pass into sympathetic chain via ________________

Answer 19

Pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons pass into sympathetic chain via white ramus communicantes (myelinated)

Question 20

Post-ganglionicsreturn to spinal nerve via ______________ to target blood vessels, sweat glands, erector pili associated with nerve

Answer 20

Post-ganglionicsreturn to spinal nerve via grey ramus communicantes to target blood vessels, sweat glands, erector pili associated with nerve

Question 21

________________: Sympathetic neurons branch from spinal nerves to form inter-connected ganglia

Answer 21

sympathetic chain: Sympathetic neurons branch from spinal nerves to form inter-connected ganglia

Question 22

Answer 22

Sympathetic Innervation of Heart acts to increase heart rate, force of contraction

Question 23

__________________: Can result from damage to the ipsilateral sympathetic trunk

•Associated with:

–Miosis (constricted pupil)

–Partial ptosis (weak, droopy eyelid)

–Anhydrosis (decreased sweating)

Answer 23

Horner’s Syndrome: Can result from damage to the ipsilateral sympathetic trunk

•Associated with:

–Miosis (constricted pupil)

–Partial ptosis (weak, droopy eyelid)

–Anhydrosis (decreased sweating)

Question 24

Parasympathetic Division formed by neurons in ___________ and in _______ nerves (________ outflow)

Answer 24

Parasympathetic Division formed by neurons in cranial nerves (III, VII, IX, X) and in some sacral (S2-S4) nerves (craniosacral outflow)

Question 25

In the ______________ nervous system ganglia are usually near or within the walls of the target organ

Answer 25

In the Parasympathetic nervous system ganglia are usually near or within the walls of the target organ

Answer 26

In the Parasympathetic nervous system ganglia are usually near or within the walls of the target organ

Question 27

The _____________ nervous system has no mass activation –organs individually activated

Answer 27

The Parasympatetic nervous system has no mass activation –organs individually activated

Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

Motor components of the Vagus Nerve?

Answer 29

smooth muscle

cardiac muscle (to slow heart rate)

abdominal viscera

Question 30

_______________is responsible for general sensation from:

–Central diaphragm

–Pleura

–Pericardium

Answer 30

Phrenic Nerve is responsible for general sensation from:

–Central diaphragm

–Pleura

–Pericardium

Question 31

Answer 31