Fine Structure of Repsiratory Tract Flashcards
Turbinate = __________ + ___________
Turbinate = Conchae + Mucosa
Turbinates increase surface area -> increased warming, humidification, filtration of inspired air
Larynx Anterolateral veiw
Larynx
View of rima glottidis from just above the larynhopharynx
________ is the division of the trachea into right and left main bronchi which serve as a conduit for air to pass to / from the right and left lungs during respiration.
Carina is the division of the trachea into right and left main bronchi which serve as a conduit for air to pass to / from the right and left lungs during respiration.
Trachealis muscle is composed of?
- Smooth muscle
- Transverse fibres
- Longitudinal fibres
Number of Branches/ Alveoli in Respiratory Tree?
For each lung, 2^23 = 8,388,608 branches
Both Lungs, ~17M branches
Conduct air from atmosphere to 480M alveoli.
Breath sounds primarily generated from ___________
Breath sounds primarily generated from larger subdivisions
In asthma, collapse of smaller airways leads to whistling sound as air is exired (exiratory wheeze)
Conducting vs. Acinar Airways
Conducting Airway
- Simply a mechanical guide, to conduct atmospheric air to the smallest parts of the respiratory tree where gaseous exchange can occur
- Conducting pathway extends from trachea to terminal bronchioles
- Lined by respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells + goblet cells)•
Acinar Airway
- Part of the airway where gaseous exchange begins to occurs
- Consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar sacs
- Alveoli start to appear from the respiratory bronchioles onwards and become more numerous distally
3 Cell Types lining Alveoli?
The Terminal Sac: Site of gaseous exchange
90% lined by type 1 pneumocytes (gas exchange) that form squamous epithelium
10% lined by type 2 alveolar cells (surfactant production)
Alveolar macrophages = type 3 alveolar cells. Immune function
