Myth 33: Low self-esteem is major cause of psychological problems

Question 1

What was the consequence of the belief that low self-esteem was a major factor in unhealthy behaviors? What is the current view on this?

Answer 1

Psychologists set up self-esteem programs for high-risk groups

Current view: these programs can produce negative consequences, especially among participants at high risk for aggression. Research shows that low self-esteem and mental problems aren’t related

Question 2

What are the 2 benefits of a high self-esteem?

Answer 2

1. Greater initiative and persistence
2. Happiness and emotional resilience

Question 3

How did the misunderstanding arise that low self-esteem and poor mental health would be correlated?

Answer 3

Because it constitutes a post hoc ergo propter hoc reasoning (after this therefore because of this)

Positive relation between self-esteem and school performance was misinterpreted for a direct causal effect of self-esteem

Question 4

What is the relation between self-esteem and depression?

Answer 4

They’re moderately associated, so it’s not necessary or sufficient for depression

Question 5

What is the relation between violence and self-esteem?

Answer 5

Both high and low self-esteem people can be violent

High self-esteem: more likely to lash out at others when their narcissistic entitlements are endangered or when they can get narcissistic injury

Question 6

What is a post hoc, ergo propter hoc reasoning?

Answer 6

After this, therefore because of this reasoning

E.g: teasing precedes violence doesn’t mean violence always follows after teasing