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Med Micro > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

This agent causes Pityriasis Versicolor - hypo or hyper-pigmented macule on the skin

A

Malassezia furfur

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2
Q

How is Malassezia furfur ID’d?

A

spaghetti and meatballs appearance of organisms in skin scrapings

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3
Q

This agent causes Tinea Nigra - black macule on the skin

A

Exophiala werneckii

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4
Q

How is Exophiala werneckii ID’d?

A

Black 2 celled oval yeast in skin scrapings

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5
Q

This agent causes Black Piedra - black nodules on hair shaft

A

Piedraia hortai

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6
Q

What are the black nodules caused by Piedraia hortai composed of?

A

spore sacs and spores

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7
Q

This agent causes White Piedra - creme colored nodules on hair shaft

A

Trichosporum beigelii

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8
Q

What are the creme colored nodules caused by Trichosporum beigelii composed of?

A

hyphae that fragment into arthrospores

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9
Q

These three agents (dermatophytes) cause Tinea - ring worm

A
  1. Trichophyton
  2. Microsporum
  3. Epidermophyton
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10
Q

How are the dermatophytes that cause ring worm ID’d?

A

presence/absence and shape of micro and macro-conidia in scrapings from lesion

KOH mount of infected material with typical dermatophyte hyphae breaking up into arthoconidia

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11
Q

This agent causes Sporotrichosis (Rose Growler’s Disease) - nodules and ulcers along lymphatics at site of inoculation

A

Sporothrix schenckii

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12
Q

How is Sporothrix schenckii ID’d?

A

budding, cigar-shaped yeast in tissue exudate which converts to mold with rosette pattern of conidiation on culture at 25 degrees c

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13
Q

This agent causes Chromoblasomycosis - warty nodules which progress to Cauliflower-like nodules. Usually found on lower limbs.

A

Fonsecaea pedrosoi

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14
Q

How is Fonsecaea pedrosi ID’d?

A

copper colored spherical yeast called medlar bodies

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15
Q

This agent(s) causes Mycetoma (madurella foot) - draining sinus tracts at site of inoculation

A

Psudallescheria boydii

Madurella grisea

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16
Q

How is Pseudallescheria boydii/Madurella grisea ID’d?

A

white, brown, yellow or black granules in exudate that are fungal colonies

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17
Q

This agent(s) causes mycotic keratitis - raised corneal ulcers with occasional satellite lesions, plaques and pus in the anterior chamber of the eye

A

Fusarium solani
Candida albicans
Alternaria species

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18
Q

How is Fusarium solani ID’d?

A

crescent shaped macroconida

19
Q

How is Candida albicans ID’d?

A

have pseudohyphae

20
Q

How is Alternaria species ID’d?

A

unusual macroconida

21
Q

This agent causes Histoplasmosis - 95% of cases: lung calcifications, 5% of cases: cough, chest pain, dyspnea, hoarseness, chronic progressive lung disease with calcifications

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

22
Q

How is Histoplasma Capsulatum ID’d?

A

saprobic pahse - mold with tuberculate macroconidia at 25 C
parasitic phase - small yeasts in characteristic chains at 37 C
“Buckshot” picture on chest xray

23
Q

True or false? Histoplasmosis is the most common systemic mycoses and is caused by inhalation of macroconidia from soil at bird and bat roosts along the major midwest river valleys

A

true

24
Q

This agent causes North American blastomycosis - granulomatous and suppurative lesions of the lung (resembles TB) with eventual skin lesions

A

Blastomyces dermatitids

25
Q

How is Blastomyces dermatitidis ID’d?

A

thick walled yeast with a broad base at 37 C

mold at 25 C

26
Q

This agent causes South American blastomycosis and cutaneous blastomycosis

A

Paracoccidiodes brasilensis

27
Q

Describe how South American blastomycosis and cutaneous blastomycosis present

A

South american blastomycosis: an initial lung disease with metastasis to skin and many organs

cutaneous blastomycosis: dry, crusted, sharply circumscribed lesions which resemble skin candidiasis

28
Q

How is Paracoccidiodes brasilensis ID’d?

A

yeast with multiple buds at 37 C

yeast with septet hyphae at 25 C

29
Q

This agent causes coccidiodomycosis - flu like symptoms to disseminated symptoms; 1% of pets have initial pneumonia followed by erythematous rash and ulcers and abscesses due to delayed hypersensitivity; fungus ball cavities in lung created by giant cell in a granuloma

A

Coccidodes immitis

30
Q

How is C. immitis ID’d?

A

multinucleate spherule at 37 C

Septate hyphae with arthrospores at 25 C

31
Q

Where is Coccidiodomycosis commonly seen?

A

southwest US and Mexico

32
Q

This agent causes cryptococcosis - mild lung infection followed by meningitis and skin lesions

note: picked up near pigeon roosts and associated with CMI deficiency

A

cryptococcus neoformans

33
Q

How is cryptococcus neoformans ID’d?

A

yeast with a large capsule at 25 C or 37 C

pink carminophillic capsules

34
Q

This agent causes pneumocystic pneumonia - AIDS associated PCP interstitial pneumonia, also common infection in children

A

pneumocystis jiroveci

35
Q

How is pneumocystis jiroveci ID’d?

A

microscopy of silver of Giemsa-stained sample of sputum, lavage, or lung tissue should show many CYSTS

36
Q

How are the cysts associated with pneumocystic pneumonia produced?

A

sporozoites are released in the alveoli, attach to the epithelial cells, and initiate cycles of cyst formation and sporozoite release

37
Q

This agent causes candidiasis (Thrush) - itching, white patches of cheesy creamy growth in the mouth, vagina, or esophagus, urethritis

A

Candida albicans

Candida glabrata

38
Q

How is Candida ID’d?

A

yeast which produces germ tubes in serum

yeast produces pseudohyphae and chlamydospores when grown on corn meal agar in tissue

39
Q

Aspergillus fumigatus cuases Aspergillosis. Describe how this disease presents.

A

fungus ball in paranasal sinuses, lung, or brain

note: disease occurs in IC/AIDS pts

40
Q

How is Aspergillus fumigatus ID’d?

A

mold with septate; hyphae are at acute angles

41
Q

This agent causes mucormycosis - fungus ball in eye, sinus, lung, skin, or brain

A

Rhizopus

Absidia Mucor

42
Q

How are Rhizopus/Absidia Mucor ID’d?

A

hyphal forms at 25 C and 37 C

43
Q

Mucormycosis is associated with what disease?

A

diabetes

Med Micro (25 decks)

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