Gram (+) Bacilli Flashcards
These two Gram + bacilli are aerobic and produce spores
B. cereus and B. anthracis (Bacillus)
One way to differentiate between B. cereus and B. anthracis is to look at hemolysis and motility. Describe these two characteristics for both.
B. cereus: beta-hemolytic, motile
B. anthracis: non-hemolytic, non-motile
What diseases does B. cereus cause?
gastroenteritis and ocular infections
What diseases does B. anthracis cause?
ANTHRAX: cutaneous, inhalation, and GI types
This Gram + Bacilli is aerobic and can be characterized by its intracellular life cycle and tumbling motility.
Listeria
What diseases does Listeria cause?
NEONATES: granulomatosis, meningitis
ADULTS: flu-like symptoms, bacteremia
This Gram + Bacilli is aerobic and does not produce spores. It commonly causes erysipeloid -> cellulitis lesions and infects butchers, farmers, and vets
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathie
This Gram + Bacilli is aerobic and does not produce spores. It is characterized by looking like chinese characters and formation of a dark pseudomembrane.
C. diphtheria
What disease does C. diphtheria cause?
Diphtheria: bull-neck, nasopharyngeal, and cutaneous
This Gram + bacilli is aerobic, acid fast, and characterized by its intracellular lifespan, being filamentous, aerial hyphae, and sulfur granules.
Nocardia
What disease does Nocardia cause?
bronchopulmonary disease
This Gram + bacilli is aerobic, acid fast, grows on lowenstein-jensen agar, and is positive for the lepromin test
M. leprae
This Gram + bacilli is aerobic, acid fast, grows on lowenstein-jensen agar, and causes chronic pulmonary disease in IC people
M. avium
This Gram + bacilli is aerobic, acid fast, grows on lowenstein-jensen agar, and is characterized by slow growth, non-pigmented colonies, and is positive for the Mantoux test.
M. tuberculosis
This Gram + bacilli is characterized by its medusa head and string of pearls appearance
B. anthracis
This Gram + bacilli is anaerobic, has an irregular arrangement, is non-toxic, and causes acne.
Proprionus acnes
This Gram + bacilli is anaerobic, filamentous, is characterized by a molar tooth appearance and presence of sulfur granules.
Actinomyces israelli
What disease does Actinomyces israelli cause?
ACTINOMYCOSIS: cervocofacial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, CNS
This Gram + bacilli is anaerobic, spore forming, and is characterized by a box car shape, positive nagler test, no leukocyte test, non-motile, non-hemolytic, and rapid growth
Clostridium perfringes
What disease does C. perfringes cause?
cellulitis, myonecrosis, food poisoning, septicemia
This Gram + bacilli is anaerobic, spore forming, and characterized by its tennis racket shape, motility, beta-hemolysis, causing “rigid baby”
Clostirdium tetani
What disease does C. tetani cause?
TETANUS —| AchE
generalized, local, and neonatal types
This Gram + bacilli is anaerobic, spore forming, and is characterized by the blocking of ACh release and iridescent colonies. This bacterium is why you don’t give honey to babies.
Clostirdium botilinum
What disease does C. botilinum cause?
BOTULISM: foodbourne, infant, wound
This Gram + bacilli is anaerobic, spore forming, is motile, and has toxin A + B, it commonly infects after antibiotic therapy
Clostirdium difficile
What disease does C. diff cause?
antibiotic related diarrhea and pseudomembrane colitis
