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Medical Coding > Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Colles’ Fracture

A

Fracture of wrist at the distal radius, sometimes ulna styloid

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2
Q

Smith’s Fracture

A

Similar to Colles’ Fracture except bones are displaced toward the palm

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3
Q

Jones Fracture

A

A stress fracture of the fifth metatarsal of the foot

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4
Q

Salter Harris Fracture

A

An epiphyseal plate fracture; a common injury seen in children

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5
Q

Dupuytrens’ Fracture

A

Fracture of the distal fibula with rupture of the distal tibiofibular ligaments and lateral displacement of the talus

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6
Q

Monteggia’s Fracture

A

Fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with associated dislocation of the radial head

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7
Q

Flexor

A

Causes flexion or bending of a limb or body part

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8
Q

Entensor

A

Causes straightening of a limb or body party

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9
Q

Adductor

A

Moves a part of the body towards the midline of the body

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10
Q

Abductor

A

Moves a part of the body away from the midline of the body

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11
Q

Pronator

A

Turns a part downward or backward by rotating

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12
Q

Supinator

A

Turns a part upward or forward by rotating

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13
Q

Comminuted Fracture

A

The bone is crushed or splintered into several pieces

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14
Q

Compression Impacted Fracture

A

The bone is compressed onto another bone caused by trauma or osteoporosis and common in vertebrae

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15
Q

Depressed Fracture

A

Typically resulting from blunt force trauma to the skull, a portion of the bone is pushed in

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16
Q

Greenstick Fracture

A

The bone is broken on one surface and bent on the other like a twig when it is bent to far; occurs in children before the bones have hardened

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17
Q

Impacted Fracture

A

One part of a bone is driven forcefully into another

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18
Q

Simple Fracture

A

The bone is broken in only one place

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19
Q

Torus or incomplete

A

One side of the bone buckles. This is mostly common in children because of their softer bones

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20
Q

Open Fracture

A

Bone is protruding through the skin

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21
Q

Closed Fracture

A

No bone has broken skin. Code as closed if neither open nor closed indicated.

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22
Q

Allograft

A

Transplanting tissue obtained from a donor of the same species

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23
Q

Ankylosis

A

stiffening of the joint

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24
Q

Ankylosing Spondylitis

A

A disease causing the bones of the spine to grow together

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25
Q

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

A

A ligament located in the center of the knee controlling rotation and forward movement of the tibia (shin bone)

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26
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammation of a joint; usually accompanied by pain, swelling, and sometimes changes in structure

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27
Q

Arthrogram

A

x-ray to view bone structures, follows an injection of contrast fluid into a joint area

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28
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Minimally-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedure used for conditions of a joint

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29
Q

Arthropathy

A

Pathology or abnormally of a joint and arthritic conditions

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30
Q

Autograft

A

Transplanting tissue into a new position in or on the body of the same individual

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31
Q

Bursa

A

Fluid filled sac located between a bone and a tendon or muscle

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32
Q

Bursitis

A

Swelling and irritation of the bursa

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33
Q

Bunion

A

Inflammation and deformity in the joint of the big toe

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34
Q

Capsulitis

A

Inflammation of the tissues; also called synovitis

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35
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A

Median nerve is compressed as it passes through the carpal tunnel (a confined space) in the wrist

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36
Q

Cartilage

A

Smooth material covering bone ends of a joint to cushion bones; allows the joint to move easily

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37
Q

Cubital Tunnel

A

A tunnel of muscle, ligament, and bone on the inside of the elbow

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38
Q

Dislocation

A

Occurs when extreme force is put on a ligament causing the two bone ends to separate

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39
Q

Dorsopathies

A

Disorders affecting the spinal column

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40
Q

Electromyogram (EMG)

A

A test to evaluate nerve and muscle function

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41
Q

Enthesopathy

A

Disease occurring at the site of attachment of ligament or muscle tendons to bones or joint capsules

42
Q

Femur

A

the thigh bone

43
Q

Fibromyalgia (fibrositis)

A

Chronic, widespread pain in muscles and soft tissues surrounding the joints throughout the body

44
Q

Gout

A

Result of a defect in body chemistry such as uric acid in the joint fluid; this painful condition most often attacks small joints

45
Q

Hammertoe

A

Bent deformity in the middle toe joint

46
Q

Heel Spur

A

Bone growth on the heel bone

47
Q

Humerus

A

Bone of the upper arm

48
Q

Inflammation

A

Normal reaction to injury or disease, results in swelling, pain, and stiffness

49
Q

Intra-articular

A

Situated within, or occurring within, or administered by entry into a joint

50
Q

Intramedullary

A

Involving the use of the marrow space of a bone for support

51
Q

Joint

A

Place where the ends of two or more bones meet

52
Q

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)

A

Form of arthritis in children ages 16 or younger causing inflammation and stiffness of joints

53
Q

Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)

A

Ligament giving stability to the outer knee

54
Q

Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)

A

Caused by damage to tendons bending the wrist backward away from the palm

55
Q

Ligaments

A

White, shiny, flexible band of fibrous tissue binding joints together and connecting bones and cartilage

56
Q

Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)

A

Ligament giving stability to the inner knee

57
Q

Medial Epicondylitis

A

Condition in the elbow caused by damage to the tendons bending the wrist toward the palm

58
Q

Meniscus

A

Crescent shaped sic of connective tissue between the bones of the knees acting as a shock absorber to cushion the lower part of the leg

59
Q

Morton’s Neuroma

A

Pinched nerve usually causing pain between the third and fourth toes

60
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

Complex system involving the body’s muscles and skeleton, including the joints, ligaments, tendons, and nerves

61
Q

Myelogram

A

Injection of a dye or contrast material into the spinal canal; a specific X-ray study also allowing careful evaluation of the spinal canal and nerve roots

62
Q

Nursemaid elbow

A

Partial dislocation of the elbow or proximal radial head common in small children

63
Q

Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF)

A

The insertion of metal rods, wires, pins, nails, or plates are placed to surgically repair fractured bones, usually through an incision over the fracture site

64
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Wear and tear causing inflammation of the joint, resulting in swelling, pain and stiffness

65
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

An inflammation of the bone and/or bone marrow caused by infection

66
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Porous bone developing when bone no longer is replaced as quickly as it is removed

67
Q

Pathologic Fracture

A

Bone fracture caused by a disease, not accident or injry

68
Q

Patella

A

kneecap

69
Q

Plantar Fascia

A

Long band of connecting tissue running from the heel to the ball of the foot

70
Q

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

A

Ligament located in the back of the knee controlling backward movement of the tibia (shin bone)

71
Q

Prothesis

A

Artificial body part replacement

72
Q

Radius

A

Shorter of the two bones of the forearm

73
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

Inflammatory disease involving the lining of the joint (synovium)

74
Q

Scleroderma

A

Disease of the body’s connective tissue causing thickening and hardening of the skin

75
Q

Scolliosis

A

Lateral or sidways curvature and rotation of vertebra

76
Q

Soft Tissue

A

Ligaments, tendons, and muscles of the musculoskeletal system

77
Q

Spondylosis

A

Osteoarthritis of the spine

78
Q

Spongylitis

A

Inflammation of the spine

79
Q

Spintal Stenosis

A

Narrowing of the spinal canal

80
Q

Sprain

A

Partial or complete tear of a ligament

81
Q

Strain

A

Partial or complete tear of a muscle or tendon

82
Q

Stress Fracture

A

Bone injury caused by overuse

83
Q

Synovial Fluid

A

Clear fluid released by the synovial membrane acts as a lubricant for joints and tendons

84
Q

tendon

A

Tough cords of tissue that connect muscles to bone

85
Q

Tendonitis

A

Inflammation in a tendon or tendon covering

86
Q

Tibia

A

Shin one or larger bone of the lower leg

87
Q

Trigger Finger

A

Irritation of the digital sheath that surrounds the flexor tendons of the finger

88
Q

Ulnar Bone

A

Longer of the two bones in the forearm

89
Q

Athrocentesis

A

Puncture of a joint with a large diameter needle for fluid removal and/or injection. Can be used on a ganglion cyst to aspirate cyst and inject with anti inflammatory

90
Q

Penetrating Wound is Open or Closed?

A

Open

91
Q

Wound Exploration

A

Exploration of wound after penetrating trauma such as stabbing, gun shot to see damage and if foreign body.

92
Q

Allograft

A

Transplant of tissue from same species

93
Q

Autograft

A

Transplant of tissue on same individual

94
Q

Bimalleolar Fracture

A

ankle fracture

95
Q

Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF)

A

Surgery inserting rods, pins, nails plates to fix fractures

96
Q

DHS

A

Dynamic Hip Screw

97
Q

Displaced Fracture

A

Bone does not line up

98
Q

Non Displaced Fracture

A

Bones are fractured but line up

99
Q

Fractures not indicated as displaced or non displaced are coded as?

A

Displaced

100
Q

Osteotomy Codes

A

Portion of vertebral segment is removed for spinal realignment

101
Q

Arthrodesis

A

Fusing of bones with screws, plates, screws, wires resulting in bone fusion

102
Q

Arthrotomy

A

Creation of opening in joint that may be used for drainage

Medical Coding (19 decks)

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