Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

What does long bone consist of?

Answer 1

2 shafts, many extremites

Question 2

What does short bone consist of?

Answer 2

No shaft or extremites, diverse in shape and size

Question 3

What is periosteum?

Answer 3

Vascular membrane that covers bone apart form joint cavities

Question 4

What does the inner layer of periosteum contain?

Answer 4

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 5

What are osteocytes?

Answer 5

Mature bone cells

Question 6

What are osteoblasts?

Answer 6

Form new bone

Question 7

What are chondroblasts?

Answer 7

Secrete cartilage matrix

Question 8

What are osteoclasts?

Answer 8

Bone resorption

Question 9

What are chondrocytes?

Answer 9

Mature cartilage cells

Question 10

What is the epiphysis?

Answer 10

End of long bone

Question 11

Give an example of a long bone

Answer 11

Femar

Question 12

Where is cancellous bone found?

Answer 12

Epiphysis

Question 13

What does cancellous bone look like and what are its characteristics?

Answer 13

Sponges, looks like honeycomb

Question 14

What bone does canaliculi connect?

Answer 14

Cancellous

Question 15

What are trabeculae?

Answer 15

Thin plates and columns of bone that creates sponges texture in cancellous bone

Question 16

What is found between trabeculae in cancellous bone?

Answer 16

Red bone marrow

Question 17

What % of compact bone makes up body bone mass?

Answer 17

80%

Question 18

What is compact bone made of?

Answer 18

Parallel tubes called osteons

Question 19

Hyversian systems are another name for what?

Answer 19

Osteons

Question 20

How are osteons linked together in compact bone?

Answer 20

Lateral perforating canals

Question 21

What is lamellae in compact bone?

Answer 21

Cylinder plates of bone around the canals

Question 22

What are the spaces between lamellae called?

Answer 22

Lacunae

Question 23

What are joints?

Answer 23

2 or more bones joined together

Question 24

What are the three types of joints and what is there range of movement?

Answer 24

Fibrous- no movement
Cartilaginous- some movement
Synovial - free movement

Question 25

What is the space between joints in synovial joints called?

Answer 25

Synovial cavity

Question 26

How are the ends of bones held together in synovial joints?

Answer 26

Capsules

Question 27

What is flexion?

Answer 27

Bending

Question 28

What is extension?

Answer 28

Straightening

Question 29

What is abduction?

Answer 29

Movement away from midline

Question 30

What is addiction?

Answer 30

Movement towards midline

Question 31

What is circumduction?

Answer 31

Extension, flexion, abduction, adduction

Question 32

What are the 3 classifications of joints and what movements come under these?

Answer 32

Ball and socket- all movements
Hinge- flexing and extension
Gliding joints- very limited movement