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NCLEX > Musculoskeletal Medications > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Medications Flashcards

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1
Q

Bisphosphonates action

A

Decrease number and action of osteoclasts resulting in bone resorption

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2
Q

Bisphosphonates medications (4)

A
  • Alendronate: daily/weekly
  • Risedronate: daily/weekly/monthly
  • Ibandronate: monthly/every 3 months
  • Zoledronate: IV annually
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3
Q

Bisphosphonates uses (3)

A
  • Prevent/treat osteoporosis
  • Paget’s disease
  • Hypercalcemia due to malignancy
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4
Q

Bisphosphonates precautions (3)

A
  • Not used during lactation
  • Patients with esophageal stricture/dysphagia can only take zoledronate
  • Absorption decreased when taken with calcium supplements, antacids, orange juice, caffeine
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5
Q

Bisphosphonates side/adverse effects (5)

A
  • Musculoskeletal pain
  • Esophagitis
  • GI discomfort
  • Jaw pain (zoledronate)
  • Afib (zoledronate)
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6
Q

Bisphosphonates nursing interventions (4)

A
  • Give in the morning on an empty stomach
  • Drink at least 8 oz non-carbonated water
  • Stay upright for 30 minutes after taking medication
  • Consume adequate amount of vitamin D
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7
Q

Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (5)

A
  • Methotrexate
  • Hydroxychloroquine
  • Etanercept
  • Infliximab
  • Adalimumab
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8
Q

DMARDs action

A

Interrupt complex immune responses preventing disease progression

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9
Q

Glucocorticoid medications (2)

A
  • Prednisone
  • Prednisolone
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10
Q

Glucocorticoid action

A

Decrease inflammation by suppressing leukocytes and fibroblasts and reversing capillary permeability

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11
Q

NSAIDS (4)

A
  • Ibuprofen
  • Indomethacin
  • Naproxen
  • Celecoxib
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12
Q

NSAIDS action

A

Block prostaglandin synthesis causing decreased inflammatory response

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13
Q

DMARDS use

A
  • Slow joint degeneration and progression of rheumatoid arthritis
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14
Q

DMARDS precaution

A
  • Methotrexate contraindicated in pregnancy, kidney/liver failure, psoriasis, alcohol use disorder, hematologic dyscrasias
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15
Q

DMARDS side/adverse effects (2)

A
  • Methotrexate: increased risk of infection, bone marrow suppression, GI ulceration
  • Hydroxychloroquine: retinal damage
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16
Q

DMARDS nursing interventions (6)

A
  • Teach infection prevention
  • Monitor liver function tests
  • Use reliable contraception
  • Initial effects can take 3-6 weeks and full therapeutic effects can take several months
  • Give with food
  • Retinal exams every 6 months while on hydroxychloroquine
17
Q

Glucocorticoid use

A
  • Symptom relief from inflammation and pain
18
Q

Glucocorticoid precautions (3)

A
  • Not to be used during systemic fungal infections
  • Don’t give live virus vaccines
  • Used for short durations
19
Q

Glucocorticoid side/adverse effects (7)

A
  • Risk of infection
  • Osteoporosis
  • Adrenal suppression
  • Fluid retention
  • GI discomfort
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hypokalemia
20
Q

Glucocorticoid nursing interventions (5)

A
  • Don’t skip doses
  • Monitor bp, fluid/electrolytes, weight, signs of bleeding, GI discomfort
  • Take calcium supplements, maintain vitamin D levels
  • Take with food
  • Don’t stop abruptly
  • Provide immune protection
21
Q

NSAIDS use

A

Provide rapid symptom relief from inflammation and pain

22
Q

NSAIDS precautions (2)

A
  • Hypersensitivity to aspirin and other NSAIDS
  • Can increase the risk of MI, stroke
23
Q

NSAIDS side/adverse effects (4)

A
  • GI discomfort
  • GI ulceration
  • Renal impairment
  • Photosensitivity
24
Q

NSAIDS nursing interventions (4)

A
  • Give with food and full glass of water
  • Don’t lay down for 30 minutes after taking medication
  • Only used as needed
  • Use sunscreen
25
Q

Anti-gout medications (2)

A
  • Allopurinol
  • Colchicine
26
Q

Allopurinol action

A

Blocks production of uric acid

27
Q

Allopurinol use

A

Chronic gouty arthritis

28
Q

Colchicine action

A

Blocks processes to prevent leukocytes from invading joints

29
Q

Colchicine use

A

Acute gouty arthritis

30
Q

Anti-gout precautions (2)

A
  • Use caution in patients with renal, cardiac, GI dysfunction
  • Don’t combine with theophylline
31
Q

Anti-gout side/adverse effects (3)

A
  • GI distress
  • Rash, fever
  • Decreased metabolism of warfarin
32
Q

Anti-gout nursing interventions (4)

A
  • Avoid foods high in purines to reduce uric acid
  • Monitor CBC, uric acid levels
  • Avoid aspirin
  • Give with meals

NCLEX (40 decks)

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