Immune System Medications Flashcards
DTap, Tdap side/adverse effects (3)
- Fever
- Irritability
- Seizures
DTap, Tdap contraindications
- Seizures occurring within 3 days of receiving vaccine
Hib side/adverse effects
- Low grade fever
Hib contraindication
Younger than 6 weeks
Rotavirus side/adverse effects (4)
- Irritability
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Intussusception
Rotavirus contraindications (2)
- History of intussusception
- Max age for final dose is 8 months 0 days
IPV side/adverse effects
- Anaphylactic reaction to neomycin, streptomycin, polymyxin B
MMR side/adverse effects (3)
- Joint pain
- Anaphylaxis
- Thrombocytopenia
MMR contraindications (3)
- Allergy to eggs, gelatin, neomycin
- Immunocompromised
- Pregnancy
Varicella side/adverse effects (2)
- Vesicles on skin
- Pruritus
Varicella contraindications (3)
- Pregnant
- Allergy to gelatin, neomycin
- Immunocompromised
Flu side/adverse effects
- Fever
Flu contraindications (4)
- Nasal spray contraindicated in kids younger than 2 years
- Nasal spray contraindicated in adults older than 50
- Nasal spray contraindicated in immunocompromised patients
- History of Guillain barré
Hepatitis A,B side/adverse effects
- Anaphylaxis
Hepatitis A,B contraindications (2)
- Hep A contraindicated during pregnancy
- Hep B contraindicated in allergies to yeast
Meningococcal contraindication
- History of Guillain barré
HPV contraindications (2)
- Pregnant
- Yeast allergy
Adult tetanus booster schedule
Every 10 years
Adult MMR schedule
1-2 doses at ages 19-49
Adult varicella schedule
2 doses if no history of disease
Adult pneumococcal schedule
Once after age 65
Adult hepatitis A schedule
2 doses for high risk patients
Adult hepatitis B schedule
3 doses for high risk patients
Adult flu schedule
Annually
Adult meningococcal schedule (3)
- Students entering college
- Adults older than 56
- Repeat every 5 years for high risk patients
Adult herpes zoster schedule
Over 60
Aminoglycoside antibiotics medications (3)
- Amikacin
- Gentamicin sulfate
- Streptomycin
Aminoglycoside use (3)
- Septicemia
- Meningitis
- Pneumonia
Aminoglycoside precautions (3)
- High risk for ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
- Monitor creatinine, BUN
- Monitor trough levels
Cephalosporin medications (3)
- Cephalexin
- Cefaclor
- Cefotaxime
Cephalosporin use (4)
- Upper respiratory infections
- Skin infections
- Urinary infections
- Prophylaxis
Cephalosporin precautions (2)
- Cross-sensitivity with penicillins
- Monitor for signs of c-diff
Fluoroquinolones medications (2)
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
Fluoroquinolones use (8)
- Bronchitis
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
- PID
- UTI
- Pneumonia
- Prostatitis
- Sinusitis
Fluoroquinolones precautions
Caution in patients with hepatic, renal, or seizure disorders
Macrolides medications (3)
- Azithromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Erythromycin
Macrolides use (6)
- Upper respiratory infections
- Sinusitis
- Legionnaire’s disease
- Whooping cough
- Acute diphtheria
- Chlamydia
Macrolides precautions (2)
- Used for patients with a penicillin allergy
- Give with meals
Nitrofurantoin use
UTI
Nitrofurantoin precautions (3)
- Broad spectrum
- Not for use in patients with renal dysfunction
- Urine will be brown
Penicillins medications (2)
- Amoxicillin
- Ampicillin
Penicillins use (6)
- Upper respiratory infections
- Pneumonia
- Septicemia
- Endocarditis
- Rheumatic fever
- Gyn infections
Sulfonamides medications (2)
- Trimethoprim
- Sulfamethaxole
Sulfonamide uses (3)
- UTI
- Bronchitis
- Otitis media
Sulfonamide precautions (3)
- Drink 3L fluids/day
- Use backup contraceptives
- Avoid sun exposure
Tetracyline medications (2)
- Doxycycline calcium
- Tetracycline HCl
Tetracycline uses (4)
- Fungal infections
- Bacterial infections
- Protozoal infections
- Rickettsial infections
Tetracycline precautions (4)
- Drink at least 3L/day
- Use backup contraception
- Avoid sun exposure
- Permanent tooth discoloration if given to kids younger than 8 years
Glycopeptide medication
Vancomycin
Glycopeptide uses (3)
- MRSA
- Bacterial infections
- C-diff
Glycopeptide precautions (4)
- Contraindicated in patients with corn allergies
- Can cause ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
- Give 1 hour IV to prevent red man syndrome
- Monitor trough levels
Anti-fungal medication
Fluconazole
Fluconazole use
- Candidiasis infections
Fluconazole precautions (3)
- Monitor hepatic/renal function
- Refrigerate suspensions
- Increases risk of bleeding in patients taking anticoagulants
Antimalarials medications (2)
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Quinine sulfate
Antimalarial medications uses (3)
- Prevent malarial attacks
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Systemic Lupus
Antimalarial medications precautions (2)
- Increased risk of psoriasis
- Monitor for drug-induced retinopathy
Anti-protozoal medications
Metronidazole
Metronidazole uses (6)
- Trichomoniasis
- Giardiasis
- C-diff
- Amebic dysentery
- PID
- Vaginosis
Metronidazole precautions (2)
- Take with food
- Don’t drink alcohol during or 48 hours after completing antibiotic
Anti-tuberculars (2)
- Isoniazid (INH)
- Rifampin
Anti-tubercular uses (3)
- Prevent/treat TB
- Latent TB INH 6-9 months
- Active TB multiple therapies up to 24 months
Anti-tubercular precautions (6)
- Risk of neuropathies, hepatotoxicity
- Eat foods high in vitamin B6
- Avoid foods with tyramine (INH)
- Increased risk of phenytoin toxicity (INH)
- Avoid alcohol
- Discolored urine, saliva, sweat, tears (rifampin)
Anti-retrovirals (3)
- Acyclovir
- Valacyclovir HCl
- Zidovudine
Anti-retroviral uses (3)
- Genital herpes
- Shingles
- HIV
Anti-retroviral precautions (3)
- Take acyclovir, valacyclovir with food
- Increase fluid intake
- Begin at the first onset of symptoms
