Musculoskeletal Exam 2 Flashcards
Mallet finger
extensor tendon attachment at distal portion of distal phalanx
Jersey finger
flexor digitorum profundus avulsion
Gamekeeper’s thumb
ulnar collateral ligament at the MCP; valgus stress
de quervain’s tenosynovitis
abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons that travel through sheath/tunnel
trigger finger - stenosing tenosynovitis
thickened flexor tendon gets caught at first annular (A1) pulley (nodules)
Dupuytren’s contracture
pretendinous bands of the fascia of the hand
Lateral epicondylitis
extensor/supinator muscles that originate of the lateral epicondylar region; reparative tissue formation at extensor carpi radialis brevis
Medial epicondylitis
tendinous origin of flexor/pronator muscles
Nursemaid’s elbow
Annular ligament and radial head (axial traction)
Cubital tunnel syndrome
compression of ulnar nerve in cubital tunnel (posterior aspect of medial epicondyle)
Carpal tunnel syndrome
compression of the median nerve as it passes under the transverse carpal ligament
Ganglion cyst
common: dorsal wrist ganglia occurring over the scapholunate ligament
Radial nerve palsy
compression of the radial nerve as it spirals around the humerus
Colles’ fracture
distal radial fracture with dorsal angulation + oftentimes an ulnar styloid fracture
Smith’s fracture
distal radial fracture with palmar displacement
Olecranon bursitis treatment
Initial: Ice, NSAIDs, Compression
Advanced: Aspirate (cell count, crystals, gram stain) and steroid injection
lateral epicondylitis treatment
modify or eliminate activities
Apply heat or ice
stretching and strengthening exercises
NSAIDs
Counter force brace below elbow
Betamethasone/bupivacaine injection
Tendon debridement
Medial epicondylitis treatment
Modify/eliminate activities
Apply ice/heat
Stretch/strengthen muscles
NSAIDs
Injections
Brace below elbow
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome treatment
Activity modification
nighttime elbow splint to prevent 90 degrees of flexion
Sports elbow protector
NSAIDs
NO CS INJECTIONS
surgical decompression/transposition of the ulnar nerve
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome treatment
Changes to activity - prevent wrist flexion
Cock-up splint
NSAIDs
Muscle atrophy: CS injection, surgery (transection of carpal tunnel ligament
Ganglion cyst treatment
Observation
Immobilization/decrease activity
Aspiration (first line)
Surgical removal
Wrist sprain treatment
Mild: RICE and NSAIDs
Moderate: Immobilization with wrist splint
Severe: Surgery to reconnect ligament to bone
Radial Nerve Entrapment treatment
Physical therapy
Cock-up splint
Nerve exploration, repair, or graft
