Musculoskeletal Conditions Flashcards
What are the 3 types of joint surgeries?
Synovectomy
Osteotomy
Debridement
What is arthroplasty?
Reconstruction or replacement of a joint to relieve pain, improve or maintain ROM, and correct deformity
Describe an open fracture
Skin is broken
Bone is exposed
Causes soft tissue injury
Describe a closed fracture
Skin is intact over break site
Describe a complete fracture
Break goes completely through the bone
Describe an incomplete fracture
Occurs partly through the bone shaft
Bone is still intact
Describe the 5 different types of fracture lines
Linear
Oblique
Transverse
Longitudinal
Spiral
Describe the different between a displaced fracture and a nondisplaced fracture
Nondisplaced: Bone fragments stay in alignment
Displaced: Two ends of the bone are separated from each other and out of their normal positions
What is crepitation?
The audible crunching of bone fragments
What are the 6 stages of bone fracture healing?
1) Fracture hematoma; first 72 hours
2) Granulation Tissue; 3-14 days
3) Callus formation; end of 2nd week
4) Ossification 3 weeks - 6 months
5) Consolidation; up to 1 year
6) Remodeling
What is angulation in fracture healing?
A complication that occurs when fracture heals in an abnormal position in relation to midline
What is malunion in fracture healing?
A complication that occurs when heals on time but in the wrong place (angulation is a type of malunion)
What is myositis ossificans?
A complication that occures when calcium is deposited into the muscle tissue
For which reason would traction be used in the care of a patient with a bone fracture?
-Reduce a fracture
-Immobilize a joint
-Prevent muscle spasms
-Treat a pathological joint condition
What type of cast would be used for a child with a fractured femur?
Hip spica
