muscularskeletal system

Question 1

what is the muscularskeletal system?

Answer 1

bones, muscles and tissues which provide structure, movement and support to the body

Question 2

how many bones in the human body?

Answer 2

206

Question 3

how many bones in a babies body?

Answer 3

270-300

Question 4

what are 5 different types of bones?

Answer 4

long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, sesamoid bones

Question 5

what are long bones?

Answer 5

provide attachments sights for muscle movement. Eg, humerus

Question 6

what are short bones?

Answer 6

provide support and stability but provide little movement. Eg, carpals

Question 7

what are flat bones?

Answer 7

protect vital organs and a base for muscular attachment. Eg, ribs

Question 8

what are irregular bones?

Answer 8

provide insertion points for muscles, tendons and ligaments. Eg, facial bones

Question 9

what are sesamoid bones?

Answer 9

short or irregular bones that develop in tendons to protect the parts they lay over. Eg, patella

Question 10

what are 3 types of joints?

Answer 10

fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, synovial joints

Question 11

what are fibrous joints?

Answer 11

these are fixed allowing no movement. Eg, skull bones

Question 12

what are cartilaginous joints?

Answer 12

allow little movement. Eg, between joints of the vertebrae

Question 13

what are synovial joints?

Answer 13

freely moveable. covered by cartilage at end. synovial fluid fills gap in a joint. Eg, hinge joint

Question 14

what is the role of ligaments?

Answer 14

stabilise the joint and prevent over-stretching. bone to bone.

Question 15

what is the role of tendons?

Answer 15

allow movement. muscle to bone.

Question 16

what is the role of a joint?

Answer 16

allows movement in many ways. 2 or more bones meet

Question 17

what are 5 roles of the skeleton?

Answer 17

support, protection, attachment for muscles, blood cell production, mineral storage

Question 18

what is support?

Answer 18

keeping the body upright

Question 19

what is protection?

Answer 19

forms a hardcover over vital organs

Question 20

what is attachment for muscles?

Answer 20

tendons connect muscle to bone to make muscles move

Question 21

what is blood cell production?

Answer 21

produced in the bone marrow

Question 22

what is mineral storage?

Answer 22

bones store calcium and phosphate and can be excreted into the blood when needed

Question 23

what are the 3 types of muscles?

Answer 23

striated, non-striated, cardiac

Question 24

what is fascia?

Answer 24

a strong, thick sheet of tissue which smaller muscles attach to

Question 25

how do muscles move?

Answer 25

muscles only pull, they DO NOT push.

Question 26

what is the agonist?

Answer 26

muscle that is contracting, also known as the prime mover

Question 27

what is an antagonist?

Answer 27

muscle that is relaxing

Question 28

what are striations?

Answer 28

stripes on the muscle

Question 29

what are the 2 main proteins in muscle fibre?

Answer 29

actin (thin) and myosin (thick)

Question 30

what is the z-line?

Answer 30

connects actin filaments together

Question 31

what is the m-line?

Answer 31

connects the myosin filaments together

Question 32

what is in-between in z-lines?

Answer 32

sarcomere

Question 33

what does hydrolysed mean?

Answer 33

broken/snapped in half

Question 34

what is a powerstroke?

Answer 34

when the head pulls on the actin and the ADP+P is released

Question 35

what is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 35

it stores calcium ions. when the nervous systems is sent to the muscle cells it transfers calcium which kickstarts the sliding filament theory