Muscular System And Guidance

Question 1

What are the 3 types of muscles?

Answer 1

Voluntary, Involuntary and Cardiac muscles.

Question 2

What is an Agonist Muscle?

Answer 2

The muscle that contracts to cause the movement.

Question 3

What is an Antagonist Muscle?

Answer 3

The muscle that relaxes to allow the movement to occur.

Question 4

How do Antagonistic Pairs work?

Answer 4

As one muscle contacts (shortens), the other relaxes (lengthens) to allow movement.

Question 5

Give 2 examples of Antagonistic Pairs:

Answer 5

Biceps and Triceps
Quadriceps and Hamstring
Hip Flexors and Gluteus Maximus
Gastrocnemius and Tibialis Anterior

Question 6

What is a Voluntary Muscle?

Answer 6

A type of muscle that enables movement throughout the body.

Question 7

What is an Involuntary Muscle?

Answer 7

A type of muscle that are essential in maintaining healthy body systems.

Question 8

What is a Cardiac Muscle?

Answer 8

The type of muscle that is vital in sport because it makes the heart pump. Fitness training will strengthen the cardiac muscle making the heart more efficient at pumping blood around the body.

Question 9

Name 5 muscles:

Answer 9

Pectorals
Biceps
Abdominals
External Obliques
Hip Flexor
Quadriceps
Tibialis Anterior
Deltoid
Triceps
Latissimus Dorsi
Gluteus Maximus
Hamstring
Gastrocnemius

Question 10

What are the 3 types of Muscle Fibres?

Answer 10

Type I (Slow twitch fibres), Type IIa (Fast twitch fibres),Type IIx (Fast twitch fibres).

Question 11

What are the characteristics of Type I Muscle Fibres (Slow twitch fibres)?

Answer 11

Smaller in size
Work aerobically with high fatigue resistance
Have a good oxygen supply making them deep red in colour
They contract slowly but can work for long periods of time.

Question 12

What are the characteristics of Type IIa Muscle Fibres (Fast twitch fibres)?

Answer 12

Larger in size
Work anaerobically and linked to high intensity activities
Are paler in colour and have limited oxygen supply
They contract quickly and powerfully, but tire easily.

Question 13

What are the characteristics of Type IIx Muscle Fibres (Fast twitch fibres)?

Answer 13

Large in size
Work anaerobically and linked to extreme high intensity activities
Very high speed of contraction but low fatigue resistance.

Question 14

What are the 2 connective tissues?

Answer 14

Ligaments and Tendons.

Question 15

What are Ligaments?

Answer 15

Connective tissues that connect bone to bone and stabilises a joint and prevents unwanted movement.

Question 16

What are Tendons?

Answer 16

Connective tissues that connect muscle to bones and pulls on bones to initiate movement.

Question 17

What are the 4 types of guidance?

Answer 17

Visual Guidance, Verbal Guidance, Manual Guidance, Mechanical Guidance.

Question 18

Visual Guidance:

Answer 18

Guidance that you can see - demonstration

Question 19

Verbal Guidance:

Answer 19

Guidance that you can hear - verbal instructive and constructive feedback.

Question 20

Manual Guidance:

Answer 20

Supporting the movement through touch - support from a coach.

Question 21

Mechanical Guidance:

Answer 21

Use of a device to help support the performer - allowing them to get a ‘feel’ for the movement.

Question 22

Why is Guidance important?

Answer 22

Because it helps support the learning of new skills - often with the help of a coach.