muscles of the shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

attachments of the trapezius muscle

A

superior nuchal line, the 12 thoracic vertebrae spinous processes , the clavicle and scapula

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2
Q

what movements do the trapezius do

A

upper fibres elevate the shoulder girdle
the middle fibres retract the shoulder girdle
the lower fibers depress the shoulder girdle
helps fixate the shoulder girdle
medial rotator during shoulder abduction

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3
Q

what movements do the levator scapulae do

A

elevates the shoulder girdle

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4
Q

attachements of the major and minor rhomboid major

A

spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and to the medial boarder of the scapula

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5
Q

movements of the rhomboid muscles

A

retraction of the shoulder girdle

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6
Q

attachments of the serratus anterior

A

to the ribs 1-9 and to the medial boarder of the scapula anteriorly

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7
Q

functions of the serratus anterior

A

pulls the medial boarder of the scapula toward the midline
also keeps the costal surface of the scapula closely opposed to the thoracic wall - prevents winged scapula

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8
Q

what are the 4 rotator cuff muscles

A

the subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor and the supraspinatus

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9
Q

attachment of the subscapularis

A

the subscapular fossa and the lesser tubercule of the humerus

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10
Q

attachment of the infraspinatus muscle

A

greater tubercule of the humerus and the infraspinatus fossa of the scapula

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11
Q

attachment of the teres major

A
  • Inferior angle of the scapula – medial lip of intertubercular sulcus
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12
Q

attachment of the supraspinatus

A

the greater tubercule and the supraspinous fossa

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13
Q

what movements do the rotator cuff muscles do

A

subscapularis - medial rotation
infraspinatus is lateral rotation
teres minor is lateral rotation
supraspinatus is initial abduction

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14
Q

why can the teres major do extension of the arm

A

because it runs across the humerus anteriorly, its crossing the joint anteriorly so it helps extension

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15
Q

why does the supraspinatus do abduction

A

the tendon of this muscle runs under the coracoacromial arch and then connects to the greater tubercule, hence abduction

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16
Q

attachments of the deloid muscle

A

the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus, the spine of the scapula and the acormion of the scapula, and the clavicle

17
Q

what are the fibres of the deltoid and what do they do

A

the fibres are somewhat named by attachment
clavicular deltoid fibers do flexion
the middle fibers do abduction
posterior fibres are extension.

18
Q

what muscles help to do shoulder abduction

A

first part is the supraspinatus
the next part is the middle fibres of the deltoid
last part is so over 90 is the trapezuis and the serratus anterior

19
Q

what bursa does not communicate with the shoulder joint.

A

the subacromial bursa.

20
Q

what bursae communicate with the shoulder

A

subscapular bursa - covered by the subscapularis.
then theres the synovial sheath which surrounds the long head of the biceps

21
Q

where does the pectoralis major connect

A

the clavicle, sternum and ribs, also to the lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus

22
Q

what movements does the pectoralis major do

A

at the clavicular head it flexes the enxtended humerus.
sternocostal it extends the flexed arm
both heads also do adduction of the shoulder and medial rotation

23
Q

where does the latissmus dorsi connect

A

the spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae also attaches to the throacolumbar fascia and the iliac crest. laterally to the floor of the intertubercular sulcus

24
Q

what movements does the latissmusi dorsi do

A

adduct the shoulder, medially rotate and extend the shoulder

25
Q

what muscle rotates the scapulae during abduction

A

trapezius

26
Q

where do the rotator cuff muscles attach distally

A

teres minor, supraspinatus and infraspinatus attach to the greater tubercle, the subscapularis attaches to the lesser tubercle