bone lecture of lower limb Flashcards
the greater and lesser sciatic notches are separated by what
the ishial spine
what type of joint is the sacroiliac joints and why
anteriorly it is synovial
posteriorly it is a fibrous joint due to the interosseuos sacro-iliac ligaments
what are the ligaments of the sacroiliac joints
anteriorly it is anterior sacroiliac ligament
dorsally is it the interosseous ligament which is covered by the posterior sacroiliac ligament
what type of joint is the pubic symphysis, what are the parts to it and what can make it relax and when
pubic symphasis is a fibrocartilagenous joint with 3 parts, the pubic symphasis, the superior pubic ligament and the inferior pubic ligament.
it can relax due to relaxin hormone which is present in childbirth to help widen the pelvis
whats the connection points of the sacrospinous joint
to the more body of the sacrum and ishial spine
whats the connection points of the sacrotuberous ligament
the ishial tuberosity and the sacrum
where is the greater sciatic foramen between
posterior inferior iliac spine and the ishial spine
where is the lesser sciatic foramen between
ishcial spine and ishial tuberosity
from the pelvis what are the 4 gateways to the lower limb
between the inguinal ligament and the pubic bones, the greater sciatic foramen, the lesser sciatic foramen, obturator canal
what are the components of the articular surface of the hip joint
theres the lunate surface - the moon shaped surface of the acetabulum, the acetabular labrum is the edge of it.
the transverse acetabular ligament connects around and makes the acetabular canal. acetabular fossa is in the middle of all this
what are the components of the articular surface of the head of the femur
the fovea, where the ligament of the head of the femur connects from the acetabular fossa
what blood vessel runs in the ligament of the head of the femur
the artery of the head of the femur which comes from the acetabular branch of the obturator artery
what are the names of the ligaments of the femur where do they connect
pubofemoral, ishiofemoral, iliofemoral they connect to the acetabulum (labrum) and then posteriorly to the neck of the femur and anteriorly to in the intertrochanteric line
whats the blood supply to the head of the femur
Medial circumflex femoral arteries and the lateral circumflex femoral arteries, from the deep femoral artery,
artery to the head of the femur
and the retinacular arteries from the MCFA and LCFA
between where does the inguinal ligament run
Between the pubic tubercal and the superior anterior iliac spine is where the inguinal ligament runs
between the greater trochanter and the lesser trochanter what do we see posteriorly and anteriorly
Anteriroly we see the interochonteric line between the two. Posteriorly we see the intertrochanteric crest between the two.
medially the menisci are more what shape and laterally they are more what, why does this matter
Medially the menisci are more C shaped, laterally they are more closed and round.
Function of menisci, improve bony congruency.
the shapes match the convexity of the anterior femur better thus increasing bony congruency in the extended position of the knee
whats the connections of the ACL and PCL
ACL:anterior of tibial intercondylar
eminence to lateral condyle of femur
PCL: posterior of the indercondylar eminence and the medial condyle of the femur
attachments of MCL and LCL
LCL: lateral femoral epicondyle to the head of the fibula
MCL medial femoral epicondyle to medial tibia and medial menisci
what are the three places where the tibia and fibular are connected
the interosseous membrane, superior and inferior tibiofibular joints
function of the interosseous membrane
separate muscle compartments of the leg, provide muscle attachment, holds the bones together
names of the tarsals
cuboid, talus, calcaneous, 3 cunieforms, and the navicular
what do seisomoid bones do and whats an example
the patella and they act as a pulley for muscles as they create greater ankle. helps extend knee joint
whats apart of the ankle joint
the talus, the medial maelleous and the lateral maelleous
subtalar joint is made of what
synovial joint made of the talus and calcaneous
what does the posterior and anterior talofibular joints connect to
the talus and the fibular
what are the three ligaments on the lateral ligaments of the ankle
anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, and the calcaneofibular
what runs between the sustenticulum tali of the calcaneous and the tuberosity of the navicular bone
the plantar calcaneoavicular ligament
what parts are there to the medial ligament of the ankle
anterior and posterior tibiotalar parts, tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal
what ligaments support the arches of the foot
short and long plantar ligaments, plantar aponeurosis, spring ligament
what attaches to the sustentaculum tali
the flexor hallucius longus