bones and joints of the upper limb Flashcards
what is the bone which connects the upper limb of the appendicular skeleton to the axial skeleton
the clavicle
what are the three ways to orientate the clavicle
the surface - the upper surface is more smooth and lower is roughened
the ends - lateral is more flattened and the medial is more curved shape
the curvature the lateral third is concave and the medial 2/3 is convex
where does the head of the humerus articulate
at the glenoid fossa
whats the name of the tubuercules at the glenoid fossa
the supraglenoid tubercule and the infraglenoid tubercule
what attaches to the infraglenoid tubercule the
the triceps brachii long head
what attaches to the supraglenoid tubercule
the long head of the biceps brachii
what bones is the clavicle attached to, whats the sites
attached to the acronium of the scapula laterally
attached to the sternum medially
whats the names of the joints of the clavicle
the acromioclavicular joint laterally and the sternoclavicular joint medially
describe the acromioclavicular joint
has an incomplete fibrocartilagenous disc, plane synovial. as the disc is incomplete the bony congruency is low, so needs ligament support
what are the ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint
the superior acromioclavicular ligament, the inferior acromioclavicular ligament and the coracoclavicular joint
what are the parts of the coracoclavicular joint and their attachments
the conoid ligament - the conoid tubercule of the clavicle
the trapezoid ligament - the trapezoid line of the clavicle
describe the sternoclavicular joint
saddle joint of the clavicle and sternum and first costal cartilage.
complete fibrocartilage disc so its a stable joint.
what are the ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint
anterior sternoclavicular ligament, posterior sternoclavicular ligament - these make the sternoclavicular joint capsule
theres also the interclavicular ligament and the costoclavicular joint
whats the path of force transmission across the shoulder girdle
When we sustain a force at the end of our upper limb the force goes through the humerus, through the glenoid cavity into the scapula, through the coracoclavicular ligament, through the clavicle and then down into the ribs via the costoclavicular ligament.
whats the glenoid fossa lined with - whats it do
the glenoid fossa is lined with the glenoid labrum, deepening the articulations between the humerus and the scapula
what are the ligaments of the shoulder joint
glenohumeral ligament, coracohumeral ligament and the transverse humeral ligament.
the shoulder joint isnt completely stable. what helps to stabilise this joint
the rotator cuff muscles, the coracoacromial arch and the long head of the biceps brachii
what makes up the coracoacromial arch
the scapula coracoid process and the acromium process and the coracoacromial ligament between these two surfaces.
why is a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus problematic
because this is where we find the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries. also have the axillary nerve here so its painful aussi.
what are the two points of the elbow joint
the humeroulnar joint - the trochlea surface of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna
humeroradial notch - capitulum of the humerus and the head of the radius
what three joints does the synovial membrane of the elbow joint contain
the humeroradial joint, the humeroulnar joint and the proximal radio-ulnar joint
what are the ligaments of the elbow joint and their attachments
ulnar collateral ligament - medial epicondyle to the medial margin of the trochlea notch of the ulna
the radial collateral ligament - lateral epicondyle to the annular ligament
what makes up the proximal radio-ulnar joint and what ligament holds it
the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulnar
held by the annular ligament
where does the annular ligament attach
the posterior and anterior aspects of the radial notch on the ulna. wrapping around the radius in the process
