Muscles of the limbs

Question 1

What is the shoulder girdle made of?

Answer 1

Scapula and clavicle

Question 2

Protraction versus retraction

Answer 2

Protraction = pushing scapula forwards (also moves to the side a bit)
Retraction = pulling scapula back

Question 3

3 muscles that connect scapula to the trunk

Answer 3

Trapezius
Rhomboids
Serratus anterior

Question 4

Trapezuis

Answer 4

Connects scapula to the trunk
Elevates, retracts, and depresses scapula
3 areas of the muscle - different areas control different movements

Question 5

Rhomboids

Answer 5

Connects scapula to the trunk
Retracts scapula
Can help a little bit in elevation too
There is a minor and major

Question 6

Serratus anterior

Answer 6

Has projections onto ribs, but also attaches to anterior face of scapula
Strongest protractor of the scapula

Question 7

2 synovial joints with the clavicle

Answer 7

1. Sternoclavicular joint

2. Acromioclavicular joint

Question 8

Pectoralis major

Answer 8

Connects humerus to trunk

Flexion and extensions (depending on where bone is), adduction and medial rotation of arm

Question 9

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 9

Connects humerus to trunk

Extension, adduction, and medial rotation of arm

Question 10

Deltoid

Answer 10

Connects scapula and humerus

Major abductor of the arm

Question 11

Rotator cuff muscles

Answer 11

Connect the scapula and humerus
4 of them
Stabilizes the shoulder joint

Question 12

2 compartments in the arm

Answer 12

1 Anterior compartment (flexors of the arm and forearm)

2 Posterior compartment (extensors of the arm and forearm)

Question 13

3 muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 13

1. Biceps brachii (has a long and short head - flexes the shoulder and elbow)
2. Coracobrachialis (from scapula to humerus - can only flex the shoulder)
3. Brachialis (from humerus to ulna - can only flex the elbow)

Question 14

Muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 14

Triceps brachii (3 heads - crosses shoulder and elbow - extensor)

Question 15

2 muscle compartments in the forearm

Answer 15

1 Anterior (flexors of the hand and fingers)
2 Posterior (extensors of the hand and fingers)

Question 16

3 Muscles in the Gluteal region

Answer 16

1. Gluteus maximus (extension and lateral rotation - largest and most superficial - tendon goes to back of femur)
2. Gluteus medius (abduction)
3. Gluteus minimus (abduction)

Question 17

3 compartments in the thigh

Answer 17

Anterior (flexor of thigh and extensors of knee)
Posterior (extensors of thigh and flexors of knee)
Medial (adductors of the thigh)

Question 18

4 movements of the foot

Answer 18

Dorsiflexion (extension)
Plantarflexion (flextion)
Eversion
Inversion

Question 19

Which joints do the movements of the foot occur at?

Answer 19

Dorsi and plantarflexion occur at the ankle joint (tibiotalar)
Eversion and inversion occur at the subtalar joint

Question 20

3 compartments in the leg

Answer 20

Anterior (dorsiflexors of the foot)
Posterior (plantarflexors and inverters of the foot)
Lateral (everters of the foot)