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KN 251 > Muscles of the Hand > Flashcards

Muscles of the Hand Flashcards

1
Q

The intrinsic muscles of the hand can be separated into 3 groups, name them

A

Thenar
Hypothenar
Midpaler

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2
Q

What is the innervation of these groups of muscles

A

Median and Ulnar Nerves

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3
Q

Group of muslces that form the thenar eminence of the lateral side of the palm, or the rounded muscular area

A

Thenar muscle (pollex)

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4
Q

Name the 3 muscles of the thenar eminence

A

Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Opponens Pollicis

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5
Q

The action of the thenar eminence

A

Opposition of the thumb (moving it to touch tip of little finger)

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6
Q

Muscle that moves the thumb but is not part of the thenar eminence

A

Adductor pollicis

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7
Q

Short abductor of the thumb that forms lateral edge of the thenar eminence

A

Abductor pollicis brevis

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8
Q

Action of the abductor pollicis brevis

A

Abduction of the thumb

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9
Q

Origin of the abductor pollicis brevis

A

Scaphoid, Trapezium, flexor retinaculum

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10
Q

Insertion of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Base of the proximal phalynx of the thumb

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11
Q

Innervation

A

Median nerve

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12
Q

Muscle located medial to the abductor pollicis brevis that can be difficult to separate, that is a short flexor of the thumb

A

Flexor pollicis brevis

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13
Q

Origin of the flexor pollicis brevis

A

Trapezium

Flexor Retinaculum

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14
Q

Actions of the flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexing the thumb

Opposition

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15
Q

Insertion of flexor pollicis brevis that often fuses with abductor pollicis brevis

A

Base of proximal phalynx

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16
Q

Innervation

A

Median Nerve

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17
Q

Muscle located deep to the abductor pollicis brevis and flexor pollicis brevis

A

Opponens pollicis

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18
Q

Insertion of opponens pollicis

A

Lateral (radial)border of the 1st metacarpal

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19
Q

Action of the opponens pollicis

A

Opposes the thumb

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20
Q

Innervation

A

Median Nerve

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21
Q

Origin of opponens pollicis

A

Trapezium

Flexor Retinaculum

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22
Q

Muscle that is deeply placed in hand that fills in the web of space on the palmar side of the hand

A

Adductor Pollicis

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23
Q

Action of the adductor pollicis

A

Adducts the thumb

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24
Q

Innervation of the adductor pollicis

A

Ulnar Nerve

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25
Q

Origin

A

Capitate,
Bases of metacarpals 2 and 3
3rd metacarpal

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26
Q

Insertion of adductor pollicis

A

Ulnar side of proximal phalynx of thumb

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27
Q

Group of three muscles that form the hypothenar eminence on the medial side of the palm that are responsible for movement of the pinky

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

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28
Q

Muscle that is not part of the hypothenar compartment because it doesn’t move the little finger

A

Palmaris Brevis

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29
Q

A group of muscles that is small tranverse bands located over the hypothenar muscles. It is relatively unimportant because it doesn’t move the little finger

A

Palmaris Brevis

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30
Q

What does the palmaris brevis do?

A

Deepen the palm

Provides gripping action

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31
Q

Origin of palmaris brevis

A

Palmar Aponeurosis

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32
Q

Insertion of the palmaris brevis

A

Skin of medial side of hand

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33
Q

Innervation of the palmaris brevis

A

Ulnar nerve

34
Q

The most medial muscle in the hypothenar eminence, forms the rounded contour on the medial side of the hand

A

Abductor Digiti Minimi

35
Q

Actions of the abductor digiti minimi

A

Abducts the little finger

Aids in flexion

36
Q

Origin of abductor digiti minimi

A

Pisiform bone

37
Q

Insertion of abductor digiti minimi

A

Ulnar side of base of proximal phalynx of 5th digit

38
Q

Abductor digiti minimi nnervated by

A

The ulnar nerve

39
Q

Muscle located lateral to the abductor digiti minimi, often indistinguishible from the abductor

A

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

40
Q

Action of the flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flexes the little finger

41
Q

Origin of the flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Hook of Hamate

Flexor Retinaculum

42
Q

Insertion of the flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalynx

43
Q

Innervation of the flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Ulnar nerve

44
Q

Muscle that lies deep to the abductor and flexor digiti minimis

A

Opponens Digiti minimi

45
Q

Insertion of the opponens digiti minimi

A

The medial border of the fifth metacarpal

46
Q

Action of the opponens digiti minimi

A

Opposes the little finger

47
Q

Innervation of the opponens digiti minimi

A

Ulnar Nerve

48
Q

Origin of opponens digiti minimi

A

Hook of hamate

Flexor Retinaculum

49
Q

Name the two components of the midpalmar muscles

A

Lumbricles and interossei

50
Q

Actions of the lumbricles

A

Flex the metacarophalangeal joint at knuckles
Extend the interphalangeal joint
(bye bye muscles)

51
Q

Actions of the interossei

A

Abduct and adduct the fingers

52
Q

Group of 4 muscles, numbered 1-4 lateral to medial that attach the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus muscle

A

Lumbricles

53
Q

Insertion of lumbricles

A

Expansion hood on dorsum of the digits

54
Q

Lumbricles 1 & 2 innervated by

Lumbricles 3 &4 innervated by

A

Median Nerve

Ulnar Nerve

55
Q

Origin of the lumbricles

A

Tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus

56
Q

Action of lumbricles

A

Flex the metacarophalangeal joint at knuckles
Extend the interphalangeal joint
(bye bye muscles)

57
Q

Palmar muscles located between metacarpals, between bones that are divided into dorsal and palmar

A

Interossei

58
Q

The action of the interossei is in reference to what?

A

The third digit (axis)

59
Q

Moving away from the axis is

60
Q

Moving toward the axis is

61
Q

Interosseis innervated by

A

Ulnar Nerve

62
Q

Can the middle finger be adducted?

A

No, only abducted

63
Q

Palmar muscles that bring the fingers closer together, adductors, toward the midline/axis

A

Palmar interossei

64
Q

How any palmar ossei are there?

65
Q

Origin of palmar interossei (unipennate)

A

Metacarpals

66
Q

Insertion of palmar interossei

A

Proximal phalanx of the digit of origin

Extensor expansion hood

67
Q

Actions of palmar interossei

A

Adduction

Flex metacarpalphalengeal joint

68
Q

Muscles that move fingers away from the midline/axis

A

Dorsal Interossei

69
Q

Action of the dorsal interossei

A

Abduction of the digits
Flex MCPJ
Extend IPJ

70
Q

How many dorsal interossei are there?

71
Q

Insertion of the dorsal interossei

A

Proximal phalanx and extensor expansion hood

-none insert into thumb and digiti minimi

72
Q

Origins of the dorsal interossei (bipennate)

A

1st and 2nd metacarpal
2nd and 3rd
3rd and 4th
4th and 5th

73
Q

Innervation of the dorsal interossei

A

Ulnar Nerve

74
Q

Which nerve of hand passes deep to carpal tunnel?

A

Median nerve

75
Q

Movements at the metacarpophalangeal joint (condyloid) in the 4 digits

A 
Extension
Flexion
Abduction
Adduction
Circumduction
76
Q

Movements at the interphalengeal joint (hinge joint)

A

Flexion

Extension

77
Q

How are symptoms are carpal tunnel syndrome relieved?

A

Partial of complete division of flexor retinaculum

78
Q

Where does sensory (anaesthesia, hypoaesthesia, paraestheisia) loss occur in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Lateral 3.5 digits

Thumb, index finger, middle finger, half of ring finger

79
Q

Motor loss of carpal tunnel syndrome occurs

A

Thenar muscles except adductor

80
Q

Why can’t adductor be affected?

A

Not innervated by median nerve (ulnar nerve)

81
Q

People with carpal tunnel syndrome are frequently unable to oppose the thumb

KN 251 (17 decks)

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