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KN 251 > Muscle Architecture > Flashcards

Muscle Architecture Flashcards

1
Q

Cells of these types of tissues have plasma membrane that can alter electrical potential from the normal resting potential

A

Excitable Tissue

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2
Q

Do all cells in body have RMP? If not, which ones don’t?

A

No. dead cells

Stratum Corneum of epidermis

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3
Q

Altering the RMP is done by _____ in the plasma membrane to create _______

A

Proteins

Action/Graded Potential

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4
Q

Are all muscle cell types excitable?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Muscle attached to skeleton (mostly) longest muscle cell type, and are under voluntary control.

A

Skeletal

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6
Q

What is the appearance of the histology of skeletal muscle?

A

Skeletal - over lapping proteins

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7
Q

Muscle that is excitable, can conduct graded and action potentials, found in digestive tract, blood vessels, reproductive and respiratory systems

A

Smooth Muscle

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8
Q

How is the histology of smooth muscle different?

A

Not striated. Cells are smaller and spindle shaped.

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9
Q

Muscle found only in the heart. Striated, but with branching fibers. Intercalated disks appear between fibers that are actually gap junctions

A

Cardiac Muscle

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10
Q

Characteristic of Muscle that means it can conduct action potential in repsonse to a stimulus

A

Excitability

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11
Q

Characteristic of muscle tissue meaning it can shorten and lengthen to generate a force, they push different things

A

Contractability

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12
Q

Function of Smooth muscle
Function of Carciac Muscle
Function of skeletal muscle

A

Push Fluids or gases
Push Blood
Move skeleton

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13
Q

Characteristic of muscle tissue meaning it can be stretched beyond resisting length when it is relaxed, may or may not be functional

A

Extensibility

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14
Q

Characteristic of muscle tissue meaning that it after stretching it will resume its original length

A

Elasticity

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15
Q

Function of muscle done to skeletal structure, blood, or a substance encircled by the organ (i.e. food)

A

Produce Movement

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16
Q

The function that is only applicable to skeletal muscle

A

Maintain Posture

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17
Q

As skeletal muscle maintains posture, it also does this

A

Stabilizes joints

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18
Q

Function of muscle tissue , not all potential energy from ATP is converted to kinetic energy for work, some released as a different type of energy

A

Generate Heat

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19
Q

Why is the release of energy as heat a good thing (as long as it’s not too much)?

A

Keeps the enzymes of body functioning.

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20
Q

Is all skeletal muscle attached to bone?

A

No, there are a few exceptions (palmaris longus)

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21
Q

Elongated cell known as a fiber (long and thin). Surrounded by plasma membrane and contains cytoplasm and organelles

A

Muscle Cell

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22
Q

The name for the plasma membrane of the muscle cell

A

Sarcolemma

23
Q

Where is the endomysium in relation to the muscle cell?

A

Just outside the sarcolemma (superficial)

24
Q

The name for the cytoplasm of muscle cells

A

Sarcoplasm

25
Q

These type of organelles in the muscle cell are unique because there are multiple of them and they are peripherial

A

Nuclei

26
Q

These type of organelles in muscle cells are unique because there are numerous amounts of them (not the nuclei), makes sense because muscle cells are involved in energy production and skeletal muscle uses a lot of energy

A

Mitochondria

27
Q

Protein of muscle cells that stores extra oxygen, which is necessary for production of ATP

A

Myoglobin

28
Q

Inclusions (aka storage granules) that store additional glycogen (fuel)

A

Glycosomes

29
Q

The modified endoplasmic reticulum in the muscle cell, it is surround the myofibrils

A

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

30
Q

These structures are contractile organelle that are rod like and run parallel to the length of the cell and take up 80% of the volume of skeletal muscle cell

A

Myfibrils

31
Q

Myofilaments that run entire length of entire fibril, and therefore run length of entire fiber

A

Thick Filaments

32
Q

Made up of myosin, multiple bundled together.

A

Thick Filament

33
Q

These molecules have a long rope like tail and two heads (kiiind of looks like sperm)

A

Myosin Molecule

34
Q

Three proteins of thin filaments

A

1) Actin
2) Tropomyosin
3) Troponin

35
Q

A series of beads strung together, a globular protein strung to make a string in thin filaments

A

Actin

36
Q

Threadlike protein in thin filaments

A

Tropomyosin

37
Q

Protein of thin filaments that is a cluster of multiple proteins joined together to form a complex

A

Troponin

38
Q

Thin and think filaments overlap specific to each myofibril, because of this we see

A

Banding Pattern

39
Q

The dark band we can see in muscle tissue under the microscope

A

A band

40
Q

The light band we can see in muscle tissue under the microscope

A

I band

41
Q

This band is the length of the thick filament in the muscle cell with some thin filament overlap

A

A band

42
Q

This band is the length of the think filament where there is no thick filament overlap

A

I band

43
Q

Area with no thin filament in the A band, just a little lighter than the rest of A band

A

H zone

44
Q

Line that bisects the H zone with end to end attachments of the thick filaments

A

M-Line

45
Q

Bisects the I band where end to end attachments of thin filaments occur

A

Z line (disc)

46
Q

Area between two Z lines

A

Sarcomere

47
Q

Filaments in muscle cell that do not participate in contraction. They are supportive structural proteins that help provide integrity to sarcomere and myofibril

A

Elastic Filaments

48
Q

Name the two elastic filament proteins

A

Titin

Nebulin

49
Q

Elastic filament located between z line and the thick filament. Provides recoil ability to the cell

A

Titin

50
Q

Elastic filament that runs along the thin filament within it, forms the core of the thin filament

A

Nebulin

51
Q

Intracellular tubules that extend from the plasma membrane and wrap around each of the myofibrils along with sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

T-tubules

52
Q

This intracellular tubule expands as it comes close to t -tubules, looks like a cistern not a network

A

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

53
Q

The expanded regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum on either side of t-tubule are called

A

Terminal Cisternae

54
Q

t-tubule + 2 terminal cisternae are referred to as

A

Triad

KN 251 (17 decks)

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