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KN 251 > Muscles of the Anterior Forearm > Flashcards

Muscles of the Anterior Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

This part of the forearm serves as an attachment site for many muscles

A

Interosseous membrane

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2
Q

The anterior compartment of the forearm performs what actions?

A

Flexion

Pronation

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3
Q

Nerves that innervate the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Median and Ulnar Nerve

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4
Q

The posterior compartment of the forearm performs what actions?

A

Extension and supination

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5
Q

All of the muscles of the posterior compartment are innervated by

A

The Radial Nerve

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6
Q

Because many of the muscles of the forearm originate from the humerus, which causes the muscles in to be located where in the forearm?

What does this accomplish?

A

The muscles are located proximally. This allows the wrist and hand to be less bulky.

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7
Q

The 5 superficial muscles of the anterior forearm are…

A
  1. Pronator Teres
  2. Flexor Carpi Radialis
  3. Palmaris Longus
  4. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
  5. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
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8
Q

All of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm attach to the common flexor tendon which originates off of….

A

the medial epicondyle of the humerus

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9
Q

Most of the muscles of the forearm are innervated by

A

The median nerve

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10
Q

Round, tubular shaped muscle that extends from common flexor to halfway down the radius

A

Pronator Teres

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11
Q

Origin of the pronator teres

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus and somewhat off the coronoid process of the ulna

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12
Q

What passes through the small opening on the pronator teres where the muscle originates?

A

Median nerve

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13
Q

Where does pronator teres insert?

A

Radius, lateral side midway down

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14
Q

What nerve innervates the pronator teres

A

Median nerve

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15
Q

What action is the pronator teres responsible for?

What other action can it assist with?

A

Pronation

Flexion at the elbow

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16
Q

Anterior muscle of the forearm that acts with the flexor carpi ulnaris to help flex the wrist

It cannot also help flex the elbow

A

Flexor Carpi Radialis

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17
Q

When acting alone or with extensors, what movement does the flexor carpi radialis perform?

A

Abducts the wrist

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18
Q

What structure is located laterally to the flexor carpi radialis?

A

Radial Artery

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19
Q

Where does the flexor carpi radialis insert?

A

The base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

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20
Q

What is the sheet that carpi muscles must pass through when crossing wrist?

A

Flexor Retinaculum

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21
Q

What innervates the flexor carpi radialis?

A

Median nerve

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22
Q

This muscle lies superficial to flexor digitorrum and is fairly small, has little affect on wrist strength

A

Palmaris Longus (Absent in 15% of ppl)

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23
Q

What is the insertion of the palmaris longus?

Origin?

A

Palmar Aponeurosis

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

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24
Q

Fascia covering the palm of the hand

A

Palmar Aponeurosis

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25
Q

Action of the palmaris longus

A

Flex the wrist

26
Q

What lies just lateral to the palmaris longus, between the palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis?

A

The median nerve

27
Q

The most medial muscle of the superficial flexors

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

28
Q

What action does the flexor carpi ulnaris have when working with other flexors?

What about when it acts with extensors?

Has some ability to do this because it crosses the elbow joint

A

Flexion

Adduct the wrist

Flex the elbow

29
Q

What innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Ulnar nerve

30
Q

What two structures lie just laterally to flexor carpi ulnaris tendon?

A

Ulnar nerve and artery

31
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris originates off of

A

Medial epicondyle and some off the olecranon process

32
Q

Where does flexor carpi ulnaris insert into?

A

Pisiform bone and the base of the 5th metacarpal

33
Q

The anterior forearm muscle that divides at the wrist into 4 tendons to each finger, and is the largest of the superficial muscles

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

34
Q

The tendons of this muscle split as they attach into the middle phalanx, which allows the tendons of the FDP to pass through

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

35
Q

Origins of the flexor digitorum superficialis

Insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

the medial epicondyle of the humerus, the coronoid process of the ulna, the upper half of the radius

Middle phalanx of each of the four fingers

36
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis is innervated by

A

The median nerve (lies deep to it)

37
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis performs what actions?

A

Flexes the middle phalanges and
Flexes the the metacarpal phalangeal joint
Flexes the wrist

38
Q

The three deep muscles of the anterior forearm

A

Flexor Pollicis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Pronator Quadratus

39
Q

Do the deep muscles of the forearm cross the elbow joint and therefore originate on the common flexor tendon?

A

No!

40
Q

Deep muscle of the forearm that lies along the radius and flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb and the proximal phalanx, and first metacarpal

A

Flexor Pollicis Longus

41
Q

The only muscle that flexes the interphalengeal joint of the thumb

A

Flexor Pollicis Longus

42
Q

What is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

The anterior surface of the radius and the interossesous membrane

43
Q

What is insertion of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Distal Phalanx of the thumb

44
Q

What is it innervated by?

A

Median nerve

45
Q

What is the main action of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb

46
Q

The large deep muscle of the forearm located medial to the flexor pollicis longus

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

47
Q

Origin of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

The ulna and the interosseus membrane

48
Q

Action of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

Flexes the distal phalanges of the four medial digits

Helps to curl fingers and flex the hand in making fist

49
Q

What two nerves innervate the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Median nerve and ulnar nerve

50
Q

The integrity of which nerve can be tested by flexing the first finger?

The little finger?

A

Median nerve (lateral)

Ulnar nerve (medial)

51
Q

A square shaped muscle that pronates the forearm, looks like a small bandage covering the lower anterior three inches of forearm

A

Pronator Quadrates

52
Q

The prime mover in pronation that initiates it

A

Pronator Quadratus

53
Q

What muscles assists the pronator quadratus when more speed and power is needed?

A

Pronator Teres

54
Q

Origin of the pronator quadratus

A

Distal portion of the anterior surface of the ulna

55
Q

Insertion of the ulna

A

Distal portion of the anterior surface of the radius

56
Q

Innervates the pronator quadratus

A

Median nerve

57
Q

Do the median and ulnar nerve do anything in the arm?

A

No. Just pass through it.

58
Q

Anterior forearm nerve that passes anterior to the Anterior forearm nerve that passes posterior to the elbow joint (funny bone)

A

Median Nerve

Ulnar Nerve

59
Q

Nerve that passes deep to the flexor retinaculum

Nerve that does not pass deep to the flexor retinaculum

A

Median Nerve

Ulnar Nerve

60
Q

The passage formed by the carpal bones and the flexor retinaculum where all long flexor tendons to the digits and thumb, and where median nerve passes through

A

Carpal Tunnel

61
Q

Flexor retinaculum is attached laterally to…

Medially to…

A

Scaphoid and trapezium

Pisiform and Hamate

62
Q

Irritation and swelling in the synovial sheet of carpal tunnel puts pressure on the____ which can cause symptoms of carpal tunnel

A

Median Nerve

KN 251 (17 decks)

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