Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh

Question 1

The region that is posterior to the pelvis that is involved in extension, abduction, and medial and lateral rotation of the thigh

Answer 1

Gluteal Region

Question 2

Group of muscles known as the hamstring that extend the thigh and flex the leg

Answer 2

Hamstrings

Question 3

The most superficial of the gluteal muscles, largest and heaviest in gluteal region

Answer 3

Gluteus Maximus

Question 4

Origin and insertion of gluteus maximus

Answer 4

Origin: Dorsal Ilium, Sacrum, Coxas, Sacrotuberous Ligament

Insertion: IT Band and Gluteal Tuberosity

Question 5

Main action of the gluteus maximus

Answer 5

Extension and lateral rotation of the thigh

Question 6

Innervation of the gluteus maximus

Answer 6

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

Question 7

Gluteus Medius originates between what on the ala?

Answer 7

Posterior and anterior Line

Question 8

Gluteus minimus originates between what on the ala?

Answer 8

Anterior and inferior Lines

Question 9

Actions of the gluteus medius and minimus (locomotion

Answer 9

Abduct the thigh and medial rotation

Most important function is walking mechanism

Question 10

What do the prevent happening during walking?

Answer 10

Sagging of the unsupported side for raising the unsupported foot

Question 11

Origin of gluteus medius:

Insertion:

Answer 11

Origin: Between posterior and anterior gluteal lines side of ilium

Insertion Lateral aspect of greater trochanter

Question 12

Origin of the gluteus minimus

Answer 12

Origin: Between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Insertion: Anterior aspect of greater trochanter

Question 13

Innervation of the gluteus medius and minimus

Answer 13

Superior Gluteal Nerve

Question 14

When the gluteus medius and minimus are inactive owing to injury of the superior gluteal nerve, the supporting and steadying action of these muscles is lost and the pelvis falls to the side of the raised or unsupported limb. This is the

Answer 14

Trendelenberg Sign

Question 15

Where do all of the lateral rotaters insert near or in?

Answer 15

Greater Trochanter

Question 16

Lateral rotator that is narrow and triangular shaped and exits from the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen

All other rotators are located inferior to the piriformis, sciatic nerve exits inferior.

Important for locating other structure

Answer 16

Piriformis

Question 17

Origin and insertion of the piriformis

Answer 17

Origin: Anterior surface of the sacrum

Insertion: Greater trochanter

Question 18

Innervation of the piriformis

Answer 18

Ventral rami of S1, S2, and L5

Question 19

Action of the piriformis (primary and other action)

Answer 19

Lateral rotations and helps in abduction

Question 20

The white tendon of this muscle is in the gluteal region, and the muscle is located inside the pelvis and exits the lesser sciatic foramen

Answer 20

Obturator Internus

Question 21

Origin and insertion of the obturator internus

Answer 21

Origin: Obturator membrane in margins of obturator foramen

Insertion: Greater Trochanter

Question 22

Innervation of the obturator internus

Answer 22

Ventral Rami of L5 and S1

Question 23

Action of the obturator internus

Answer 23

Lateral rotation of the thigh

Question 24

Muscles that insert into the obturator internus tendon that often cover the internus tendon

Answer 24

Gemullus superior and inferior

Question 25

Origin and insertion of the superior gemellus

Answer 25

Origin: ischial spine Insertion:Obturator internus tendon into greater trochanter

Question 26

Origin and insertion of the inferior gemellus

Answer 26

Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Obturator internus tendon to greater trochanter

Question 27

Innervation of the superior and inferior gemellus

Answer 27

Ventral Rami of L5 and S1

Question 28

Action of superior gemellus and inferior gemellus

Answer 28

Lateral rotation

Question 29

Square shaped muscle inferior to inferior gemellus

Answer 29

Quadratus femoris

Question 30

Origin and insertion of the quadratus femoris

Answer 30

Ischial tuberosity Greater trochanter and trochanteric crest

Question 31

Innervation of the quadratus femoris

Answer 31

Ventral Rami of L5 and S1

Question 32

What action is the quadratus femoris a strong participant in?

Answer 32

Lateral Rotation of the thigh

Question 33

Muscle that arises from the outside of the pelvis anteriorly over the obturator foramen.

Answer 33

Obturator Externus

Question 34

Origin and insertion of the obturator externus

Answer 34

Origin: Obturator foramen Inserts: Trochanteric fossa of the femur

Question 35

Innervation of the obturator externus

Answer 35

Obturator nerve (innervates adductor/medial compartment of the thigh)

Question 36

Action of the obturator externus

Answer 36

Lateral rotation and stabilizing the femur in the acetabulum

Question 37

Gluteomuscular injections occur because

Answer 37

The muscle is thick and large so it provides a large area for the absorption of drugs be careful of sciatic nerve! Do it superiorly in upper outer quadrant

Question 38

The 3 (or 4) muscles of the hamstrings

Answer 38

Biceps Femoris Semimembranosus Semitendinosus

Question 39

Innervation of the hamstrings except the short head of the biceps femoris which is innervated by the common fibular nerve

Answer 39

Sciatic nerve

Question 40

Laterally located muscle that has a long and short head. Which head crosses the hip and knee joint? Which head crosses only the knee joint?

Answer 40

Biceps femoris Long head Short head

Question 41

Origin and insertion of the long head

Answer 41

Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion:head of the fibula

Question 42

Origin and insertion of the short head

Answer 42

Origin: Linea aspera Insertion: head of the fibula

Question 43

Innervation of short head and long head

Answer 43

Long head: sciatic Short head: Common fibular

Question 44

Action of long head Action of short head

Answer 44

Extend the thigh and flex the knee Flex the knee

Question 45

Medially located muscle in the thigh with a long chord like tendon

Answer 45

Semitendinosus

Question 46

Origin and insertion of the semitendinosus

Answer 46

Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial side of tibia via pes anserinus

Question 47

Innervation of the semitendinosus

Answer 47

Sciatic nerve

Question 48

Action of the semitendinosus

Answer 48

Extension of the thigh and flexion of the knee, slight rotation too

Question 49

`Muscle that lies deep to the semitendinosus, is a thicker muscle. Has a wide flat band of insertion

Answer 49

Semimembranosus

Question 50

Origin and insertion of the semimembranosus

Answer 50

Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial condyle of the tibia to form obliue popliteal ligament

Question 51

What does the semimembranosus continue on to form?

Answer 51

Oblique popliteal ligament

Question 52

Innervation of the semimembranosus

Answer 52

Sciatic nerve via tibial portion

Question 53

Action of the semimembranosus

Answer 53

Extend the thigh, flex the knee, medial rotation (slight)