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KN 251 > Anterior and Posterior Thorax Muscle > Flashcards

Anterior and Posterior Thorax Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles can be named after these three things

A

Action, Shape, Location (origin and insertion)

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2
Q

These muscles attach the upper limb to the axial skeleton via the pectoral girdle

A

Muscles of the anterior and posterior thorax

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3
Q

These muscle stabilize the shoulder and move the scapula

A

Muscles of the anterior and posterior thorax

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4
Q

Name the 6 muscles of the anterior thorax

A
  1. Pectoralis Minor
  2. Serratus Anterior
  3. Subclavius
  4. Sternocleidomastoid
  5. Anterior Scalene
  6. Pectoralis Major
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5
Q

A triangular shaped muscle with the apex attached to the coracoid process, distally attached to ribs 3-5

A

Pectoralis Minor

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6
Q

Located on the anterior wall of thorax and is covered by pectoralis major muscle

A

Pectoralis Minor

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7
Q

Innervation of the pectoralis minor

A

medial pectoral nerve

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8
Q

Stabilizes the scapula through the coracoid process, and can sometimes lift the ribs up

A

Pectoralis Minor

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9
Q

Muscle with scalloped origin, serratis saw, sometimes called the boxers muscle

A

Serratus Anterior

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10
Q

Holds the scapula against the chest wall and is important to protract the scapula

A

Serratus Anterior

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11
Q

Needed to elevate the arm above 90 degrees by rotating laterally, paralysis would inhibit raising arm above 90 degrees

A

Serratus Anterior

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12
Q

Origin and insertion of serratus anterior

A

Origin: Lateral aspects of ribs 1-8

Insertion: Posteriorly to vertebral border of scapula

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13
Q

Innervatation of the serratus anterior

A

the long thoracic nerve

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14
Q

Small muscle lying below the clavicle and holds the clavicle in the sternoclavicular joint

A

Subclavius

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15
Q

Protects the underlying subclavian vessels if there is a fracture of the clavicle, which could pierce the subclavian artery which supplies the upper extremity

A

Subclavius

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16
Q

Origin and insertion of the subclavius

A

Origin: Costal cartilage of rib one

Insertion: Inferior surface of the lateral third of the clavicle

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17
Q

Innervation of the clavicle is the nerve to the ___ which is a branch of the brachioplexus

A

Subclavius

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18
Q

Action is to stabilize the pectoral girdle and help to depress the shoulder

A

Subclavius

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19
Q

The anterior neck muscle with two heads, one clavicular and the other sternal

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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20
Q

Attaches pectoral girdle to the axial skeleton and bilaterally flexes head foward

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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21
Q

Unilaterally flexes head to the same side

A

Sternocleidomastoid

22
Q

The sternocleidomastoid is innervated by

A

the spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve 11)

23
Q

Bilaterally contracted causes head to move forward

A

Sternocleidomastoid

24
Q

Group of three muscles located beneath the sternocleidomastoid

A

Scalene (Anterior, Middle, and Posterior)

25
Q

Lies directly deep to sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Anterior Scalene

26
Q

Origin and insertion of anterior scalene

A

Origin: Cervical Transverse Processes 3/4-6

Insertion: Rib one

27
Q

Innervation of the anterior scalene

A

Branches of cervical spinal nerves

28
Q

If contracted, it depends on which part is fixed

Neck is fixed -> ribs will elevate as in deep inspiration

If rib is fixed -> neck flexes forward, especially when contracting bilaterally

One side is contracted -> lateral flexion to same side

A

Anterior Scalene

29
Q

A very large artery runs posterior to the anterior scalene

A

Subclavian Artery

30
Q

Covers the sternocleidomastoid and is considered a muscle of facial expression

31
Q

The five muscles on the posterior thorax

A 
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor
Latissimus Dorsi
32
Q

Muscle on posterior thorax that attaches the pectoral girdle to the trunk, has a trapezoid shape, and its fibers divide into three actions

33
Q

Three actions of the trapezius

A

Elevates Scapula
Retracts Scapula
Depresses Scapula

34
Q

This muscle also braces the shoulders by pulling the scapulae posteriorly and superiorly, fixing them in position on the thoracic wall with tonic contraction

Therefore, weakness of the muscle causes droopy shoulders

35
Q

Originates from the occipital bone from the ligamentum nucae

36
Q

A very thick ligament attached to the spinous processes of the upper cervical vertabrae

A

ligamentum nucae

37
Q

Attaches to spinous cervical 7-12 thoracic vertebrae

38
Q

Laterally attaches to clavicle, acromion process of scapula , and spine of scapula

39
Q

Innervated of the trapezius

A

Spinal Accessory Nerve (cranial nerve 11)

40
Q

Upper fibers of trapezius do this to the scapula

Middle fibers do this

The lower fibers do this

A

Elevate the scapula

Retract the scapula

Depress the scapula

41
Q

If trapezius is reflected, muscle which elevates the scapula is shown

A

Levator scapulae

42
Q

This muscle fixes the scapula and extends the neck

Located superior to the rhomboids at the superior angle of the scapula

A

Levator Scapulae

43
Q

Innervation of the levator scapulae

A

Dorsoscapular Nerve

44
Q

If the scapulae does not move when levator scapular is contracted, what happens to the neck

If one scapulae stays fixed for unilateral contraction does what

A

Pulls the neck posteriorly
Extends the neck

Flexes the neck laterally to the same side, or ipsilateral side

45
Q

Muscles shaped like a parallelogram or rhombus, lie deep to the trapezius and form broad parallel bands

A

Rhomboid Major and Minor

46
Q

Form large parallel bands from vertabra to medial border of the scapulae

47
Q

Minor is located superior to major, 3-4 times less wide than major

A

Rhomboid minor

48
Q

Retract the scapula, can be tested by putting hands on hips and pushes with elbows posteriorly against resistance, they can be felt along medial border of the scapula

49
Q

Origin and insertion of rhomboid major and minor:

A

Spinous processes of vertebrae

Minor: C7-T1

Major: T2-T5

Inserts at medial border of scapula

50
Q

Innervation of the rhomboids

A

Dorsoscapular Nerve

51
Q

An action that brings the pectoral girdle anteriorly and laterally is called

A

Protraction

52
Q

An action that brings the pectoral girdle posterior and medially is called

A

Retraction

KN 251 (17 decks)

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