Anterior and Posterior Thorax Muscle

Question 1

Muscles can be named after these three things

Answer 1

Action, Shape, Location (origin and insertion)

Question 2

These muscles attach the upper limb to the axial skeleton via the pectoral girdle

Answer 2

Muscles of the anterior and posterior thorax

Question 3

These muscle stabilize the shoulder and move the scapula

Answer 3

Muscles of the anterior and posterior thorax

Question 4

Name the 6 muscles of the anterior thorax

Answer 4

1. Pectoralis Minor
2. Serratus Anterior
3. Subclavius
4. Sternocleidomastoid
5. Anterior Scalene
6. Pectoralis Major

Question 5

A triangular shaped muscle with the apex attached to the coracoid process, distally attached to ribs 3-5

Answer 5

Pectoralis Minor

Question 6

Located on the anterior wall of thorax and is covered by pectoralis major muscle

Answer 6

Pectoralis Minor

Question 7

Innervation of the pectoralis minor

Answer 7

medial pectoral nerve

Question 8

Stabilizes the scapula through the coracoid process, and can sometimes lift the ribs up

Answer 8

Pectoralis Minor

Question 9

Muscle with scalloped origin, serratis saw, sometimes called the boxers muscle

Answer 9

Serratus Anterior

Question 10

Holds the scapula against the chest wall and is important to protract the scapula

Answer 10

Serratus Anterior

Question 11

Needed to elevate the arm above 90 degrees by rotating laterally, paralysis would inhibit raising arm above 90 degrees

Answer 11

Serratus Anterior

Question 12

Origin and insertion of serratus anterior

Answer 12

Origin: Lateral aspects of ribs 1-8

Insertion: Posteriorly to vertebral border of scapula

Question 13

Innervatation of the serratus anterior

Answer 13

the long thoracic nerve

Question 14

Small muscle lying below the clavicle and holds the clavicle in the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 14

Subclavius

Question 15

Protects the underlying subclavian vessels if there is a fracture of the clavicle, which could pierce the subclavian artery which supplies the upper extremity

Answer 15

Subclavius

Question 16

Origin and insertion of the subclavius

Answer 16

Origin: Costal cartilage of rib one

Insertion: Inferior surface of the lateral third of the clavicle

Question 17

Innervation of the clavicle is the nerve to the ___ which is a branch of the brachioplexus

Answer 17

Subclavius

Question 18

Action is to stabilize the pectoral girdle and help to depress the shoulder

Answer 18

Subclavius

Question 19

The anterior neck muscle with two heads, one clavicular and the other sternal

Answer 19

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 20

Attaches pectoral girdle to the axial skeleton and bilaterally flexes head foward

Answer 20

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 21

Unilaterally flexes head to the same side

Answer 21

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 22

The sternocleidomastoid is innervated by

Answer 22

the spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve 11)

Question 23

Bilaterally contracted causes head to move forward

Answer 23

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 24

Group of three muscles located beneath the sternocleidomastoid

Answer 24

Scalene (Anterior, Middle, and Posterior)

Question 25

Lies directly deep to sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 25

Anterior Scalene

Question 26

Origin and insertion of anterior scalene

Answer 26

Origin: Cervical Transverse Processes 3/4-6 Insertion: Rib one

Question 27

Innervation of the anterior scalene

Answer 27

Branches of cervical spinal nerves

Question 28

If contracted, it depends on which part is fixed Neck is fixed -> ribs will elevate as in deep inspiration If rib is fixed -> neck flexes forward, especially when contracting bilaterally One side is contracted -> lateral flexion to same side

Answer 28

Anterior Scalene

Question 29

A very large artery runs posterior to the anterior scalene

Answer 29

Subclavian Artery

Question 30

Covers the sternocleidomastoid and is considered a muscle of facial expression

Answer 30

Platysma

Question 31

The five muscles on the posterior thorax

Answer 31

``` Trapezius Levator Scapulae Rhomboid Major Rhomboid Minor Latissimus Dorsi ```

Question 32

Muscle on posterior thorax that attaches the pectoral girdle to the trunk, has a trapezoid shape, and its fibers divide into three actions

Answer 32

Trapezius

Question 33

Three actions of the trapezius

Answer 33

Elevates Scapula Retracts Scapula Depresses Scapula

Question 34

This muscle also braces the shoulders by pulling the scapulae posteriorly and superiorly, fixing them in position on the thoracic wall with tonic contraction Therefore, weakness of the muscle causes droopy shoulders

Answer 34

Trapezius

Question 35

Originates from the occipital bone from the ligamentum nucae

Answer 35

Trapezius

Question 36

A very thick ligament attached to the spinous processes of the upper cervical vertabrae

Answer 36

ligamentum nucae

Question 37

Attaches to spinous cervical 7-12 thoracic vertebrae

Answer 37

Trapezius

Question 38

Laterally attaches to clavicle, acromion process of scapula , and spine of scapula

Answer 38

Trapezius

Question 39

Innervated of the trapezius

Answer 39

Spinal Accessory Nerve (cranial nerve 11)

Question 40

Upper fibers of trapezius do this to the scapula Middle fibers do this The lower fibers do this

Answer 40

Elevate the scapula Retract the scapula Depress the scapula

Question 41

If trapezius is reflected, muscle which elevates the scapula is shown

Answer 41

Levator scapulae

Question 42

This muscle fixes the scapula and extends the neck Located superior to the rhomboids at the superior angle of the scapula

Answer 42

Levator Scapulae

Question 43

Innervation of the levator scapulae

Answer 43

Dorsoscapular Nerve

Question 44

If the scapulae does not move when levator scapular is contracted, what happens to the neck If one scapulae stays fixed for unilateral contraction does what

Answer 44

Pulls the neck posteriorly Extends the neck Flexes the neck laterally to the same side, or ipsilateral side

Question 45

Muscles shaped like a parallelogram or rhombus, lie deep to the trapezius and form broad parallel bands

Answer 45

Rhomboid Major and Minor

Question 46

Form large parallel bands from vertabra to medial border of the scapulae

Answer 46

Rhomboids

Question 47

Minor is located superior to major, 3-4 times less wide than major

Answer 47

Rhomboid minor

Question 48

Retract the scapula, can be tested by putting hands on hips and pushes with elbows posteriorly against resistance, they can be felt along medial border of the scapula

Answer 48

Rhomboids

Question 49

Origin and insertion of rhomboid major and minor:

Answer 49

Spinous processes of vertebrae Minor: C7-T1 Major: T2-T5 Inserts at medial border of scapula

Question 50

Innervation of the rhomboids

Answer 50

Dorsoscapular Nerve

Question 51

An action that brings the pectoral girdle anteriorly and laterally is called

Answer 51

Protraction

Question 52

An action that brings the pectoral girdle posterior and medially is called

Answer 52

Retraction