Muscles of the Arm Flashcards
Part of body that extends from shoulder to the elbow
Arm
The two groups of muscles that cause movement at the elbow joint
Anterior Flexors
Posterior Extensors
Name the three anterior arm muscles
Biceps Brachii (long and short head)
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Anterior muscle of the arm that has two bellys, long and short, and two different origins with a common insertion
Biceps Brachii
Which muscle of the biceps brachii is lateral?
Long head
What are the actions of the biceps brachii?
Flexes forearm
Primary supinator against resistance like tightening a screw
Biceps brachii that is medial and has a tendon attached to the corocoid process of the scapula that is often fused with the corachobrachialis
Short head
Muscle of biceps brachii that has a rounded chord like tendon that crosses the shoulder joint within the capsule of the shoulder
Held in place by the transverse humeral ligament
Long head of the bicep
The distal tendon of the biceps attaches to what structure?
What does it become after it continues after that point?
The radial tuberosity
It continues on to become the bicipital aponeurosis
A fibrous sheet or expanded tendon that serves as a muscle attachment along the medial aspect of the proximal part of the forearm
Bicipital aponeurosis
An area on the anterior surface of the elbow joint that is protected by the bicipital aponeurosis (veins lie superior to it for veinipuncture)
Cubital fossa
Where the long head of the bicep originates
Scapula at supraglenoid tubercle
When this tendon is torn, it results in a muscle bulge on the anterior of the arm known as the popeye deformity
Long head of the bicep
Nerve that innervates both of the muscles of the biceps brachii
musculocutaneous nerve from the
Biceps brachii are involved in which two types of movement?
Flexion and supination
The long head of the bicep has the ability to do what to the shoulder because it crosses the shoulder joint?
Flex the shoulder
Flattened muscle which lies deep to the biceps brachii
Brachialis
Where is the origin of the brachialis?
Insertion of the Deltoid (Deltoid tuberosity)
The brachialis is primarily responsible for what movement, particularly during slow movements?
Does it for both supinated and pronated positions unlike the biceps brachii.
Maintaining flexion of the forearm
Muscle that ALWAYS contracts during flexion of the elbow joint
Brachialis
What is the origin of the brachialis?
Coracoid process of the ulna
What nerve innervates the brachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve
Arm muscle which may be considered part of the posterior forearm muscles that flexes the forearm, especially during quick movement
Brachioradialis
Does the brachioradialis cross the wrist joint? Can it cause wrist movement?
No and No
This muscle is active in rapid movements (flexion) of the forearm
Brachioradialis
The brachioradialis inserts where?
The styloid process of the radius
What is the origin of the brachioradialis?
Lateral supercondyle ridge.
What innervates the brachioradialis?
The radial nerve
The muscle that the musculocutaneous nerve goes through
Coracobrachialis
Nerve that hooks around the posterior aspect of the humerus towards the forearm
Radial nerve
The two posterior muscles of the arm
Triceps brachii (long, lateral, medial head) Anconeus
Which muscle of the triceps brachii crosses the shoulder joint?
Long head
Part of triceps brachii that lies deep to the long head and lateral heads that is often hard to see without pushing aside the lateral head
Medial head
Lateral and medial heads of the tricep are separated by what structure?
The radial groove
What nerve runs in the radial groove?
The radial nerve
Group of muscles that is the main extensor of the elbow joint, and can aid in arm adduction
Triceps Brachii
The long head of the triceps brachii originates where?
The medial head of the triceps originates where?
The lateral head of the triceps originates where?
Infraglenoid tubercle
Posterior side of the humerus above radial groove
Below radial groove
Where do all the triceps brachii muscles insert?
Olecranon process of the ulna
What nerve innervates the triceps brachii?
Radial nerve
All extensors innervated by which nerve?
Radial nerve
The long head crosses the shoulder joint allowing it to aid in what movement?
Adduction
What muscle make up the triangular space?
What structure does it contain?
Teres minor, teres major, long head of the triceps brachii
Circumflex scapular artery
What muscle make up the quadrangular space?
Teres minor, teres major, long head and lateral head of the triceps brachii
What nerve runs through the quadrangular space?
Axillary nerve
What muscles make up the triangular interval?
Teres major, long and lateral heads of triceps brachii
What nerve lies deep in the triangular interval?
Radial nerve
Small triangular muscle on the posterior side of the elbow covered by a thick layer of deep fascia
Anconeus
What movement does the anconeus help with?
Extension of the forearm
Where does the anconeus originate?
Lateral condyle of the humerus
Where does the anconeus insert?
The olecranon process of the ulna
What innervates the anconeus?
The radial nerve
