Muscles Of Pelvic Limb Flashcards by Mckenna Maloney

Groups in hip muscles

Dorsal (gluteal)
Medial group
Deep group
Caudal (hamstring)

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Muscles in dorsal group

Superficial gluteal
Middle gluteal
Piriformis
Deep gluteal
Gluetofemoralis (cat)
Tensor fasciae latae

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Action of dorsal group

Hip extension & limb abduction except TFL flexes hip

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Muscles in medial group

Gracilis
Pectineus
Adductor
External obturator
Sartorius
Iliopsoas

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Function of medial group

Limb adduction

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Muscles in Caudal group

Biceps femoris
Abductor cruris caudalis
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

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Function of caudal group

Hip & hock extensors varied action on stifle

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Muscles of deep group

Internal obturator
Gemelli
Quadratus femoris

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Function of deep group

Lateral rotation of the limb

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Caudal gluteal nerve supplies what muscle group

Dorsal group - superficial gluteal & gluteofemoralis
(Most caudal)

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Superficial gluteus
Origin
Insertion
Action

Origin - sacrum
Insertion - sacrotuberus lig
Action - extends hip joint, weak abduction

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Middle gluteus

Origin
Insertion
Action

Origin - wing of ilium
Insertion - greater trochanter
Action - extends hip joint

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Piriformis

Fusiform, deep to middle gluteus, carnivores only

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Piriformis
Origin
Insertion
Action

Origin - sacrum & sacrotuberus lig
Insertion - greater trochanter
Action - extend hip, abduct limb
Nerve - Caudal gluteal

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Deep gluteal

Origin
Insertion
Action

Origin - body of ilium
Insertion - greater trochanter
Action - extends hip
Nerve - caudal gluteal

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Gluteofemoralis (caudofemoralis)

Present in cats only
Superficial muscles of thigh of cat
Sartoruis
Tensor fasciae Latae
Middle gluteus
Superficial gluteus
Caudofemorlis
Biceps femoris

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Gluteofemoralis

Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve

Origin - first few Ca vert
Insertion - patella
Action - extend hip, abduct limb
Nerve - Ca gluteal N

Biceps femoris

Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve

Origin - sacrotuberus lig
Insertion - cranial, patella indirectly via fascia lata
Middle - tibial crest
Caudal - calcanean tuberosity via calcanean tendon
Action - extends hip, stifle, hock, flex stifle
Nerve - caudal gluteal - cranial part
Tibial n - middle & caudal parts

Abductor cruris caudalis

Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve

Origin - sacrotuberus lig
Insertion - crural fascia
Action - abduction of the limb
Nerve - sciatic nerve

Semitendinosus
Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve

Origin - ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion - medial aspect of tibia
Action - extends hip, hock, flex stifle
Nerve - sciatic nerve

Semimembranosus
Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve

Origin - ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion - cranial belly on distal aspect of femur, prox to origin of medial head of gastrocnemius
Caudal belly on medial condyle of tibia
Action - cranial & caudal bellies
Extends hip, caudal belly flexes the stifle
Nerve - sciatic

Tensor fasciae latae

Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve

Origin - tuber coxae
Insertion - fascia lata
Cranial gives rise to superficial lamina of fascia lata
Caudal gives rise to deeper lamina of fascia lata
Action - tense the fascia lata, flex hip, extend stifle
Nerve - cranial gluteal

Sartorius cranial part

Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve

Origin - iliac crest
Insertion - patella
Action - extends stifle
Nerve - femoral nerve (saphenous)

Sartorius caudal parts

Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve

Origin - tuber coxae
Insertion - tibial crest (medially)
Action - flexes stifle, both parts flex hip
Nerve - femoral nerve (saphenous)

Quadriceps femoris

Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis

Quadriceps femoris Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin Rectus femoris: from tuberosity just cranial to the acetabulum Vastus lateralis, intermedius, medialis: proximal femur laterally, cranially, medially respectively Insertion: patella, through ligament to tibial tuberosity Action: flexor of hip, extensor of stifle Nerve: femoral nerve

Important of quadriceps femoris

Most important for weight bearing on pelvic limb Injury to spinal cord segments (L4,5,6) -> paralysis of femoral n -> collapse of stifle jt Used for IM

Gracilis Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin - pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon Insertion - proximal craniomedial surface of tibia, calcanean tuber Action - adductor and a weak extensor of hock Nerve

Adductor Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin - symphysial tendon, pubic tubercle Insertion - caudal surface of femur Adductor magnus -> lateral lip of faciei aspera ventral to inter-trochanteric ridge Attachment for pectineus m Action - adductor of pelvic limb, may extend hip

Pectineus Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin - iliopubic eminence Insertion - facies aspera of femur Action - Nerve

Femoral triangle boarders

Base - vascular lacuna & inguinal lig Cranial - Sartorius, caudal belly Caudal - Pectineus m Medial - femoral fascia & skin Lateral - Iliopsoas & vastus medialis mm

External obturator Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin - area around the obturator foramen externally Insertion - trochanteric fossa Action - adduction & lateral rotation of pelvic limb at hip Nerve - sciatic

Internal obturator Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin - area around the obturator foramen internally Insertion - trochanteric fossa Action - lateral rotation of pelvic limb at the hip Nerve - In horses & carnivores only Pig and rum, intrapelvic parts of ext obturator muscle

Gemelli Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin - spine of ischium Insertion - trochanteric fossa Action - rotate pelvic limb laterally at hip Nerve - sciatic nerve

Quadratus femoris Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin - ischium - tuber ischii Insertion - intertrochanteric crest Action - rotate pelvic limb laterally at hip Nerve - sciatic nerve

Pelvic diaphragm Coccyges Levator ani

Sublumbar muscles

Quadratus lumborum Psoas minor Psoas major Iliopsoas (psoas major, iliacus)

Sublumbar muscles form Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Dorsal wall of abdominal cavity Origin - caudal thoracic & lumbar vertebrae Insertion - Os coxae & femur Action - flex lumbar vertebrae Nerve - ventral branches of lumbar n

Iliopsoas muscles Origin Insertion Action Nerve

Origin - lumbar vertebrae & ilium Insertion - lesser trochanter of femur Action - flex hip Nerve - femoral n

Iliopsoas palpation

Can be palpated At caudalvental aspect of the wing of the ilium