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Moving Exam 2 > Bone Path 2 > Flashcards

Bone Path 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Amelia

A

Congenital abnormalities in utero, fetus lacks limbs

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2
Q

Polydactyl

A

More than normal digits

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3
Q

Osteopetrosis pathogenesis

A

Inherited defect in osteoclastic reabsorption
Increased thickness of bone (osteoscleriosis) bones become brittle and prone to fracture

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4
Q

Osteopetrosis is common in what species

A

Cattle, sheep, dogs, horses, rats, mice
Common initiation - BVD, FeLV, ALV

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5
Q

Craniomandibular osteopathy

A

Lion jaw - proliferation of mandible
<1 year, can regress if treated
Common in terriers (autosomal rec) Irish setters

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6
Q

Pathogenesis of craniomandibular osteopathy

A

Bilateral, symmetric thickening on mandible, occipital, temporal bones
Tympanic bullae

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7
Q

Chondrodysplasia

A

Or chondrodystrophy
Inherited defect of growth plate cartilage (physis & articular epiphyseal cartilage complex)
Premature growth plate closure, shortens long bones but normal width

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8
Q

Chondrodysplastic dwarfs

A

Common in dachshund, Pekingese, Bassett hound (selective breeding)
Different types of chondrodysplasia in cattle, sheep & dogs

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9
Q

Why is width normal in long bones w chondrodysplastic dwarfs?

A

Width is due to growth in intramembranal ossification
Length growth is due to growth plates in bone

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10
Q

Spider lamb chondrodysplasia

A

Too much gas, excess proliferation of articular cartilage

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11
Q

Osteochondrosis

A

Failure or delay of endochondral ossification
Metaphysical growth plate, epiphyseal cartilage (AECC)

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12
Q

Mechanisms of osetochondrosis

A

Multi factorial - very complex
Genetics, rapid growth, vascular factors!! Traumatic injury
Common in pigs bc the breed has been selected to grow very fast

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13
Q

Lesions of osteochondrosis

A

Retention of cartilage - failure of mineralization, invaded blood vessels
ODC - osteochondrosis dissecans
Articular cartilage flap forms secondary to osteochondrosis at the articular epiphysis

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14
Q

Stages of osteochondrosis

A

Latens
Manifesta
Dissecans

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15
Q

Pathogen of osteochondrosis latens

A

Areas of ischemic cartilage present in AC

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16
Q

Pathogens of OC manifesta

A

Visible lesion in zone of mineralization

17
Q

Pathogens of OC dissecans

A

Flap of cartilage is cut off from synovial fluid and dies, falling off bone /AC

18
Q

Wobblers syndrome

A

Cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy

19
Q

Cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy

A

Common in horses & dogs - presents differently
Due to abnormal development of cervical vertebra

20
Q

Static cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy

A

Compression of spinal cord 24/7
Discs C5-6, 6-7

21
Q

Dynamic cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy

A

Compression can change during flexion/extension
Discs C3-4, 4-5
Associated w osteochondrosis of the cervical facets
(Facet = articulating portion of vert bodies)

22
Q

Developmental abnormalities in bones

A

Osteopetrosis
Craniomandibular osteopathy
Chondrodysplasia
Osteochondrosis
Cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy

23
Q

Metabolic bone diseases

A

Osteoporosis
Osteopenia
Fibrous osteodystrophy

24
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Reduction in bone density = easily fractured

25
Q

Osteopenia

A

Reduction in bone mass with no clinical disease

26
Q

Causes of osteoporosis

A

Malnutrition
Immobilization
Dietary calcium deficiency
Senile osteoporosis
Excess glucocorticoids

27
Q

Fibrous osteodystrophy

A

Called rubber jaw
Excessive resorption of bone that’s replaced w fibrous connective tissue

28
Q

Common trigger for rubber jaw

A

Fibrous osteodystrophy
Osteoclastic resorption in response to hyperparathyroidism

29
Q

Primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Parathyroid hyperplasia, neoplasia - rare

30
Q

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Nutritional imbalance- hyperphophatemia
High phosphorus, low calcium
Renal - decreased renal excretion of phos

31
Q

Function of PTH in fibrous osteodysplasia

A

Increased PTH -> binds to osteoblasts, release blasts from surface of bone, stimulate osteoclastic resorption = increased fibrous proliferation

32
Q

Relation of PTHrP in fibrous osteodysplasia

A

PTH related peptide - analog of PTH, made in neoplastic cells
Triggered by AGASACA & lymphoma
Can lead to paraneoplastic hypercalcemia

Moving Exam 2 (26 decks)

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